| 1Now David was old and full of days, and he made his son Solomon king over Israel. |
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אוְדָוִ֥יד זָקֵ֖ן וְשָׂבַ֣ע יָמִ֑ים וַיַּמְלֵ֛ךְ אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹ֥ה בְנ֖וֹ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| 2And he gathered all the princes of Israel and the priests and the Levites. |
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בוַיֶּֽאֱסֹף֙ אֶת־כָּל־שָׂרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהַכֹּֽהֲנִ֖ים וְהַֽלְוִיִּֽם: |
| 3And the Levites were counted from thirty years old and upward, and their number by their heads was thirty-eight thousand men. |
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גוַיִּסָּֽפְרוּ֙ הַֽלְוִיִּ֔ם מִבֶּ֛ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וָמָ֑עְלָה וַיְהִ֨י מִסְפָּרָ֚ם לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָם֙ לִגְבָרִ֔ים שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּשְׁמֹנָ֖ה אָֽלֶף: |
| 4Of these, to conduct at the service of the House of the Lord, were twenty-four thousand, and officers and judges were six thousand. |
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דמֵאֵ֗לֶּה לְנַצֵּ֙חַ֙ עַל־מְלֶ֣אכֶת בֵּֽית־יְהֹוָ֔ה עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וְאַרְבָּעָ֖ה אָ֑לֶף וְשֹֽׁטְרִ֥ים וְשֹֽׁפְטִ֖ים שֵׁ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִֽים: |
| 5And four thousand gate sentries and four thousand who praised the Lord with the instruments that I made with which to praise. |
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הוְאַרְבַּ֥עַת אֲלָפִ֖ים שֹֽׁעֲרִ֑ים וְאַרְבַּ֚עַת אֲלָפִים֙ מְהַלְּלִ֣ים לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה בַּכֵּלִ֕ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתִי לְהַלֵּֽל: |
| 6And David divided them into divisions [according to] the sons of Levi; Gershon, Kehath, and Merari. |
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ווַיֵּחָֽלְקֵ֥ם דָּוִ֖יד מַחְלְק֑וֹת לִבְנֵ֣י לֵוִ֔י לְגֵֽרְשׁ֖וֹן קְהָ֥ת וּמְרָרִֽי: |
| 7Of the Gershonites; Ladan and Shimei. |
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זלַגֵּֽרְשֻׁנִּ֖י לַעְדָּ֥ן וְשִׁמְעִֽי: |
| 8The sons of Ladan; the chief was Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three. |
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חבְּנֵ֣י לַעְדָּ֗ן הָרֹ֧אשׁ יְחִיאֵ֛ל וְזֵתָ֥ם וְיוֹאֵ֖ל שְׁלֹשָֽׁה: |
| 9The sons of Shimei; Shelomith and Haziel, and Haran, three; these were the heads of the fathers' [houses] of Ladan. |
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טבְּנֵ֣י שִׁמְעִ֗י שְׁלוֹמִ֧ית (כתיב שְׁלֹמִ֧ות) וַֽחֲזִיאֵ֛ל וְהָרָ֖ן שְׁלֹשָׁ֑ה אֵ֛לֶּה רָאשֵׁ֥י הָֽאָב֖וֹת לְלַעְדָּֽן: |
| 10And the sons of Shimei; Jahath, Zina, and Jeush, and Beriah; these are the sons of Shimei, four. |
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יוּבְנֵ֣י שִׁמְעִ֔י יַ֣חַת זִינָ֔א וִיע֖וּשׁ וּבְרִיעָ֑ה אֵ֥לֶּה בְנֵֽי־שִׁמְעִ֖י אַרְבָּעָֽה: |
| 11And Jahath was the chief, and Zizah was the second one, and Jeush and Beriah did not have many children; so they became a father's house of one appointment. |
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יאוַֽיְהִי־יַ֣חַת הָרֹ֔אשׁ וְזִיזָ֖ה הַשֵּׁנִ֑י וִיע֚וּשׁ וּבְרִיעָה֙ לֹֽא־הִרְבּ֣וּ בָנִ֔ים וַיִּֽהְיוּ֙ לְבֵ֣ית אָ֔ב לִפְקֻדָּ֖ה אֶחָֽת: |
| 12The sons of Kehath; Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel, four. |
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יבבְּנֵ֣י קְהָ֔ת עַמְרָ֧ם יִצְהָ֛ר חֶבְר֥וֹן וְעֻזִּיאֵ֖ל אַרְבָּעָֽה: |
| 13The sons of Amram; Aaron and Moses, and Aaron was separated, to be sanctified as most holy, he and his sons forever, to burn incense before the Lord, to serve Him, and to bless with His name to eternity. |
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יגבְּנֵ֥י עַמְרָ֖ם אַֽהֲרֹ֣ן וּמֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיִּבָּדֵ֣ל אַֽהֲרֹ֡ן לְהַקְדִּישׁוֹ֩ קֹ֨דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֚ים הֽוּא־וּבָנָיו֙ עַד־עוֹלָ֔ם לְהַקְטִיר֩ לִפְנֵ֨י יְהֹוָ֧ה לְשָֽׁרְת֛וֹ וּלְבָרֵ֥ךְ בִּשְׁמ֖וֹ עַד־עוֹלָֽם: |
| 14But as for Moses, the man of God-his sons were to be called in the tribe of Levi. |
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ידוּמֹשֶׁ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים בָּנָ֕יו יִקָּֽרְא֖וּ עַל־שֵׁ֥בֶט הַלֵּוִֽי: |
| 15The sons of Moses; Gershom and Eliezer. |
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טובְּנֵ֣י מֹשֶׁ֔ה גֵּֽרְשׁ֖וֹם וֶֽאֱלִיעֶֽזֶר: |
| 16The sons of Gershom; Shebuel the chief. |
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טזבְּנֵ֥י גֵֽרְשׁ֖וֹם שְׁבוּאֵ֥ל הָרֹֽאשׁ: |
| 17And the sons of Eliezer were; Rehabiah the chief, and Eliezer had no other sons, but the sons of Rehabiah multiplied greatly. |
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יזוַיִּֽהְי֥וּ בְנֵֽי־אֱלִיעֶ֖זֶר רְחַבְיָ֣ה הָרֹ֑אשׁ וְלֹא־הָיָ֚ה לֶֽאֱלִיעֶ֙זֶר֙ בָּנִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וּבְנֵ֥י רְחַבְיָ֖ה רָב֥וּ לְמָֽעְלָה: |
| 18The sons of Izhar; Shelomith the chief. |
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יחבְּנֵ֥י יִצְהָ֖ר שְׁלֹמִ֥ית הָרֹֽאשׁ: |
| 19The sons of Hebron; Jeriah the chief, Amariah the second, Jahaziel the third, and Jekameam the fourth. |
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יטבְּנֵ֖י חֶבְר֑וֹן יְרִיָּ֚הוּ הָרֹאשׁ֙ אֲמַרְיָ֣ה הַשֵּׁנִ֔י יַֽחֲזִיאֵל֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י וִֽיקַמְעָ֖ם הָֽרְבִיעִֽי: |
| 20The sons of Uzziel; Micah the chief and Ishiah the second. |
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כבְּנֵ֖י עֻזִּיאֵ֑ל מִיכָ֣ה הָרֹ֔אשׁ וְיִשִּׁיָּ֖ה הַשֵּׁנִֽי: |
| 21The sons of Merari; Mahli and Mushi; the sons of Mahli; Eleazar and Kish. |
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כאבְּנֵ֚י מְרָרִי֙ מַחְלִ֣י וּמוּשִׁ֔י בְּנֵ֥י מַחְלִ֖י אֶלְעָזָ֥ר וְקִֽישׁ: |
| 22And Eleazar died, and he had no sons but daughters, and the sons of Kish, their brethren, married them. |
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כבוַיָּ֙מָת֙ אֶלְעָזָ֔ר וְלֹא־הָ֥יוּ ל֛וֹ בָּנִ֖ים כִּ֣י אִם־בָּנ֑וֹת וַיִּשָּׂא֥וּם בְּנֵֽי־קִ֖ישׁ אֲחֵיהֶֽם: |
| 23The sons of Mushi; Mahli and Eder, and Jeremoth-three. |
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כגבְּנֵ֣י מוּשִׁ֗י מַחְלִ֥י וְעֵ֛דֶר וִֽירֵמ֖וֹת שְׁלוֹשָֽׁה: |
| 24These are the sons of Levi to their fathers' houses, the leaders of the fathers' [houses] to their numbers, in the number of names according to their heads, who perform work for the service of the House of the Lord from twenty years old and upward. |
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כדאֵ֣לֶּה בְנֵֽי־לֵוִי֩ לְבֵ֨ית אֲבֽוֹתֵיהֶ֜ם רָאשֵׁ֧י הָֽאָב֣וֹת לִפְקֽוּדֵיהֶ֗ם בְּמִסְפַּ֚ר שֵׁמוֹת֙ לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔ם עֹשֵׂה֙ הַמְּלָאכָ֔ה לַֽעֲבֹדַ֖ת בֵּ֣ית יְהֹוָ֑ה מִבֶּ֛ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וָמָֽעְלָה: |
| 25For David said, "The Lord God of Israel has given peace to His people, and He dwells in Jerusalem to eternity. |
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כהכִּי אָמַ֣ר דָּוִ֔יד הֵנִ֛יחַ יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְעַמּ֑וֹ וַיִּשְׁכֹּ֥ן בִּירֽוּשָׁלִַ֖ם עַד־לְעוֹלָֽם: |
| 26And also, the Levites shall no longer have need to carry the Tabernacle and all its vessels for its service." |
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כווְגַ֖ם לַֽלְוִיִּ֑ם אֵֽין־לָשֵׂ֧את אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֛ן וְאֶת־כָּל־כֵּלָ֖יו לַֽעֲבֹֽדָתֽוֹ: |
| 27For in David's final words, the sons of the Levites were numbered from twenty years old and upwards. |
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כזכִּ֣י בְדִבְרֵ֚י דָוִיד֙ הָאַ֣חֲרוֹנִ֔ים הֵ֖מָּה מִסְפַּ֣ר בְּנֵֽי־לֵוִ֑י מִבֶּ֛ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וּלְמָֽעְלָה: |
| the sons of the Levites were numbered from twenty years old and upwards. Then David established these watches, so that when Solomon his son would come, they would be prepared for him. |
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המה מספר בני לוי מבן עשרים שנה ולמעלה.
כלומר אז תיקן דוד משמרות אלו כשיבא שלמה בנו שיהיו מזומנים לו:
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| 28For their station was alongside the sons of Aaron, for the service of the House of the Lord, over the courts, and over the chambers, and over the purity of all sacred things and the performance of the service of the House of God. |
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כחכִּ֣י מַֽעֲמָדָ֞ם לְיַ֣ד בְּנֵֽי־אַֽהֲרֹ֗ן לַֽעֲבֹדַת֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהֹוָ֔ה עַל־הַֽחֲצֵרוֹת֙ וְעַל־הַלְּשָׁכ֔וֹת וְעַל־טָֽהֳרַ֖ת לְכָל־קֹ֑דֶשׁ וּמַֽעֲשֵׂ֔ה עֲבֹדַ֖ת בֵּ֥ית הָֽאֱלֹהִֽים: |
| For their station was alongside the sons of Aaron, etc.. This resembles (Num. 18:2): “… and they shall join with you and minister to you.” |
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כי מעמדם ליד בני אהרן וגו'.
דוגמא וילוו עליך וישרתוך:
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| and over the purity of all sacred things. so that if the House and its vessels become unclean, they will be appointed to purify it, for so we find with Hezekiah, as it is written (below II Chron. 29:16): “And the Levites accepted to take out to the Kidron Valley outside,” and it is written (ibid. verse 17): “And they commenced on the first of the first month to sanctify, etc.” |
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ועל טהרת לכל קדש.
שאם יטמא הבית וכליו שיהיו הם ממונים לטהרו שכן מצינו בחזקיהו כדכתיב (לקמן ב' כ"ט) ויקבלו הלוים להוציא לנחל קדרון חוצה וכתיב ויחלו באחד לחדש הראשון לקדש וגו':
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| 29And for the showbread, and for the fine flour for the meal offerings, and for the wafers of unleavened bread, and for the shallow pan, and for the flour boiled to softness, and for every liquid measure and solid measure. |
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כטוּלְלֶ֨חֶם הַמַּֽעֲרֶ֜כֶת וּלְסֹ֚לֶת לְמִנְחָה֙ וְלִרְקִיקֵ֣י הַמַּצּ֔וֹת וְלַמַּֽחֲבַ֖ת וְלַמֻּרְבָּ֑כֶת וּלְכָל־מְשׂוּרָ֖ה וּמִדָּֽה: |
| 30And to stand every morning to give thanks and to praise the Lord, and so in the evening. |
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לוְלַֽעֲמֹד֙ בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֔קֶר לְהֹד֥וֹת וּלְהַלֵּ֖ל לַֽיהֹוָ֑ה וְכֵ֖ן לָעָֽרֶב: |
| 31And for every offering up of burnt offerings to the Lord on Sabbaths, on New Moons, and on festivals in number, according to the ordinance concerning them, constantly before the Lord. |
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לאוּלְכֹ֨ל הַֽעֲל֚וֹת עֹלוֹת֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה לַ֨שַּׁבָּת֔וֹת לֶֽחֳדָשִׁ֖ים וְלַמֹּֽעֲדִ֑ים בְּמִסְפָּ֨ר כְּמִשְׁפָּ֧ט עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם תָּמִ֖יד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה: |
| And for every offering up of burnt offerings to the Lord on Sabbaths, on New Moons. The meaning is: They will be appointed over the chambers and also over the chamber of the house of the lambs, where the sacrificial animals are kept, and they will bring [them] to the priests constantly every day, according to the number that is required for each day, whether on weekdays, whether on Sabbaths, and on New Moons and festivals, when additional sacrifices are offered up with the daily offerings - all these they will bring in number according to the ordinance, and they will also assist the priests in flaying the sacrifice. And so we find with Hezekiah (II Chron. 29:34): “Only the priests were few, and they could not flay all the burnt offerings; so their brethren the Levites strengthened them, etc.” |
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ולכל העלות עלות לה' לשבתות לחדשים.
פתרון הם יהיו ממונים על הלשכות וגם על לשכת בית הטלאים שהקרבנות שם והם יביאו אל הכהנים תמיד בכל יום במספר מה שצריכים בכל יום בין בחול בין בשבתות ובחדשים ובמועדים שמוסיפים על התמיד כל אלה יביאו במספר כמשפט וגם מסייעים לכהנים להפשיט הזבח וכן מצינו בחזקיהו רק הכהנים היו למעט ולא יכלו להפשיט את כל העולות ויחזקום אחיהם הלוים וגו':
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| 32And they shall keep the watch of the Tent of Meeting and the watch of the Sanctuary, and the watch of the sons of Aaron their brethren for the service of the House of the Lord. |
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לבוְשָֽׁמְר֞וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֗ד וְאֵת֙ מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ וּמִשְׁמֶ֕רֶת בְּנֵ֥י אַֽהֲרֹ֖ן אֲחֵיהֶ֑ם לַֽעֲבֹדַ֖ת בֵּ֥ית יְהֹוָֽה: |
