| 1Of David, when he disguised his sanity before Abimelech, whereupon he drove him out and he departed. |
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אלְדָוִ֗ד בְּשַׁנּוֹת֣וֹ אֶת־טַ֖עְמוֹ לִפְנֵ֣י אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וַֽ֜יְגָֽרְשֵׁ֗הוּ וַיֵּלַֽךְ: |
| when he disguised his sanity. as the matter that is stated (in I Sam. 21:14): “And he changed his speech before their eyes, etc. And he scribbled upon the doors of the gates.” That he disguised his speech and his sanity and feigned madness and let his saliva run down upon his beard. |
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בשנותו את טעמו.
כענין שנאמר (ש"א כ"א) ויתו על דלתות השער וגו' וישנה את טעמו בעיניהם ששנה דברו וטעמו ועשה עצמו שוטה והוריד רירו על זקנו (סא"א):
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| before Abimelech. All Philistine kings were called thus, and all Egyptian kings [were called] Pharaoh. Although his name was Achish, he was called Abimelech. The Midrash Aggadah explains that he was as righteous as Abimelech (mentioned in the Torah in relation to Sarah), for he did not want to kill him although his men said to him, “Is this not David, the king of the land?” As is stated in Midrash Psalms (34:1). |
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לפני אבימלך.
כך כל מלכי פלשתים נקראים וכל מלכי מצרים פרעה ואע"פ ששמו אכיש קורין לו אבימלך, ומדרש אגדה שהיה צדיק כאבימלך (שנכתב בתורה אצל שרה) שלא רצה להרגו ואנשיו אומרים לו (שם) הלא זה דוד מלך הארץ כדאיתא במדרש תהלים:
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| 2I will bless the Lord at all times; His praise is always in my mouth. |
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באֲבָֽרְכָ֣ה אֶת־יְהֹוָ֣ה בְּכָל־עֵ֑ת תָּ֜מִ֗יד תְּֽהִלָּ֘ת֥וֹ בְּפִֽי: |
| 3My soul boasts of the Lord; may the humble hear and rejoice. |
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גבַּֽיהֹוָה תִּתְהַלֵּ֣ל נַפְשִׁ֑י יִשְׁמְע֖וּ עֲנָוִ֣ים וְיִשְׂמָֽחוּ: |
| My soul boasts of the Lord. I boast, and praise myself that I have a patron like this to save me and protect me. Se porvantera in French, I will boast. |
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בה' תתהלל נפשי.
מתפאר אני ומתהלל שיש לי פטרון כזה להושיע ולהגן תתהלל נפשי שפורוונ"טרא בלע"ז:
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| may the humble hear. the wonders that He did for me. Through my praise, they will understand it and rejoice. |
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ישמעו ענוים.
נפלאות שעשה לי מתוך מהללי יבינו אותם וישמחו:
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| 4Declare the greatness of the Lord with me, and let us exalt His name together. |
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דגַּדְּל֣וּ לַֽיהֹוָ֣ה אִתִּ֑י וּנְרֽוֹמְמָ֖ה שְׁמ֣וֹ יַחְדָּֽו: |
| 5I sought the Lord and He answered me, and He delivered me from all my terrors. |
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הדָּרַ֣שְׁתִּי אֶת־יְהֹוָ֣ה וְעָנָ֑נִי וּמִכָּל־מְ֜גֽוּרוֹתַ֗י הִצִּילָֽנִי: |
| my terrors. Heb. מגורותי, an expression of fear, as (in Num. 22:3): “and Moab became terrified (ויגר).” |
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מגורותי.
לשון פחד כמו ויגר מואב, (במדבר כ"ב):
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| 6They looked to Him and they became radiant, and their faces will not be ashamed. |
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והִבִּ֣יטוּ אֵלָ֣יו וְנָהָ֑רוּ וּ֜פְנֵיהֶ֗ם אַל־יֶחְפָּֽרוּ: |
| They looked to Him. All those who looked to Him out of their trouble. |
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הביטו אליו.
כל אותם שהביטו אליו מתוך צרתם:
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| and they became radiant. Their faces shone. |
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ונהרו.
האירו פניהם:
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| be ashamed. Heb. יחפרו, they will be ashamed, as (in Isa. 24:23): “And the moon shall be ashamed (וחפרה) and the sun shall be abashed.” |
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יחפרו.
יתביישו כמו (ישעיהו כ״ד:כ״ג) וחפרה הלבנה ובושה החמה:
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| 7This poor man called and the Lord heard, and He saved him from all his troubles. |
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זזֶ֚ה עָנִ֣י קָ֖רָא וַֽיהֹוָ֣ה שָׁמֵ֑עַ וּמִכָּל־צָ֜רוֹתָ֗יו הֽוֹשִׁיעֽוֹ: |
| 8An angel of the Lord is stationed around those who fear Him, and He saved them. |
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חחֹנֶ֚ה מַלְאַךְ־יְהֹוָ֓ה סָ֘בִ֚יב לִֽ֜ירֵאָ֗יו וַֽיְחַלְּצֵֽם: |
| 9Comprehend and see that the Lord is good; praiseworthy is the man who takes shelter in Him. |
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טטַֽעֲמ֣וּ וּ֖רְאוּ כִּי־ט֣וֹב יְהֹוָ֑ה אַשְׁרֵ֥י הַ֜גֶּ֗בֶר יֶחֱסֶה־בּֽוֹ: |
| Comprehend and see that the Lord is good. Comprehend His word. |
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טעמו וראו כי טוב ה'.
טעמו דברו:
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| 10Fear the Lord, His holy ones; for there is no want to those who fear Him. |
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ייְר֣אוּ אֶת־יְהֹוָ֣ה קְדֹשָׁ֑יו כִּ֘י אֵ֥ין מַ֜חְס֗וֹר לִֽירֵאָֽיו: |
| Fear. Heb. יראו. Be afraid, the imperative form. |
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יראו.
יהיו יראים לשון צווי:
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| 11Young lions suffer want and are hungry, but those who seek the Lord lack no good. |
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יאכְּפִירִים רָשׁ֣וּ וְרָעֵ֑בוּ וְדֹֽרְשֵׁ֥י יְ֜הֹוָ֗ה לֹֽא־יַחְסְר֥וּ כָל־טֽוֹב: |
| suffer want. Heb. רשו, an expression of poverty. |
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רשו.
ל' דלות:
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| no good. Heb. כל טוב, nient bon, any good, as (in Exod. 12:16): “any work (כל-מלאכה).” |
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כל טוב.
ניסו"ן בי"ין בלע"ז, כמו כל מלאכה (שמות י"ב):
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| 12Come, children, hearken to me; I will teach you the fear of the Lord. |
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יבלְכֽוּ־בָ֖נִים שִׁמְעוּ־לִ֑י יִרְאַ֥ת יְ֜הֹוָ֗ה אֲלַמֶּדְכֶֽם: |
| 13Who is the man who desires life, who loves days to see goodness? |
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יגמִֽי־הָ֖אִישׁ הֶֽחָפֵ֣ץ חַיִּ֑ים אֹ֘הֵ֥ב יָ֜מִ֗ים לִרְא֥וֹת טֽוֹב: |
| 14Guard your tongue from evil and your lips from speaking deceitfully. |
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ידנְצֹ֣ר לְשֽׁוֹנְךָ֣ מֵרָ֑ע וּ֜שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָ מִדַּבֵּ֥ר מִרְמָֽה: |
| 15Shun evil and do good, seek peace and pursue it. |
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טוס֣וּר מֵ֖רָע וַֽעֲשֵׂה־ט֑וֹב בַּקֵּ֖שׁ שָׁל֣וֹם וְרָדְפֵֽהוּ: |
| seek peace. in your place. |
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בקש שלום.
במקומך:
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| and pursue it. elsewhere. |
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ורדפהו.
במקום אחר:
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| 16The eyes of the Lord are to the righteous, and His ears are to their cry. |
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טזעֵינֵ֣י יְ֖הֹוָה אֶל־צַדִּיקִ֑ים וְ֜אָזְנָ֗יו אֶל־שַׁוְעָתָֽם: |
| 17The face of the Lord is against evildoers, to cut off their remembrance from the earth. |
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יזפְּנֵ֣י יְ֖הֹוָה בְּעֹ֣שֵׂי רָ֑ע לְהַכְרִ֖ית מֵאֶ֣רֶץ זִכְרָֽם: |
| The face of the Lord. His angry face, les ires in Old French, ire, as (in Lev. 20:5): “And I will direct My face, etc.” So did Menachem (p. 143) associate it. |
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פני.
פנים של זעם לישאריא"ש בלע"ז, כמו (ויקר' ב') ושמתי פני באיש ההוא, כך חברו מנחם:
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| 18They cry out and the Lord hearkens, and He saves them from all their troubles. |
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יחצָֽעֲקוּ וַיהֹוָ֣ה שָׁמֵ֑עַ וּמִכָּל־צָֽ֜רוֹתָ֗ם הִצִּילָֽם: |
| They cry out. i.e., the righteous, and the Lord hearkens. |
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צעקו.
הצדיקים וה' שמע:
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| 19The Lord is near to the broken-hearted, and He saves those of crushed spirit. |
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יטקָר֣וֹב יְ֖הֹוָה לְנִשְׁבְּרֵי־לֵ֑ב וְאֶת־דַּכְּאֵי־ר֥וּחַ יוֹשִֽׁיעַ: |
| 20Many evils befall the righteous, but the Lord saves him from them all. |
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כרַבּוֹת רָע֣וֹת צַדִּ֑יק וּ֜מִכֻּלָּ֗ם יַצִּילֶ֥נּוּ יְהֹוָֽה: |
| Many evils befall the righteous. Many evils and terrors befall him, and he is saved from all of them. |
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רבות רעות צדיק.
הרבה רעות ופחדים באות עליו ומכלם נצול:
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| 21He guards all his bones; not one of them was broken. |
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כאשֹׁמֵ֥ר כָּל־עַצְמוֹתָ֑יו אַ֘חַ֥ת מֵ֜הֵ֗נָּה לֹ֣א נִשְׁבָּֽרָה: |
| He guards. The Holy One, blessed be He, [guards] all his bones. |
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שומר.
הקב"ה כל עצמותיו:
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| 22Evil will kill the wicked, and those who hate the righteous shall be accounted guilty. |
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כבתְּמוֹתֵ֣ת רָשָׁ֣ע רָעָ֑ה וְשֽׂנְאֵ֖י צַדִּ֣יק יֶאְשָֽׁמוּ: |
| Evil will kill the wicked. The evil that the wicked man does will kill him. |
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תמותת רשע רע.
תמותת את הרשע הרעה שהוא עושה:
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| will kill. Heb. תמותת, [equivalent to] תמית. |
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תמותת.
תמית:
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| 23The Lord redeems the soul of His servants, and all who take refuge in Him shall not be accounted guilty. |
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כגפּוֹדֶ֣ה יְ֖הֹוָה נֶ֣פֶשׁ עֲבָדָ֑יו וְלֹ֥א יֶ֜אְשְׁמ֗וּ כָּל־הַֽ֘חוֹסִ֥ים בּֽוֹ: |
| shall not be accounted guilty. They will not regret saying, “We are guilty, because we took shelter in You.” Repontiront in Old French, se repentiront: they repent. |
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לא יאשמו.
לא יתחרטו לאמר אשמנו שחסינו בך ריפונטירונ"ט בלע"ז:
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