| 1And Elisha the prophet summoned one of the disciples of the prophets and said to him, "Gird your loins and take this cruse of oil in your hand, and go to Ramoth-Gilead. |
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אוֶאֱלִישָׁע֙ הַנָּבִ֔יא קָרָ֕א לְאַחַ֖ד מִבְּנֵ֣י הַנְּבִיאִ֑ים וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֜וֹ חֲגֹ֣ר מָתְנֶ֗יךָ וְ֠קַח פַּ֣ךְ הַשֶּׁ֚מֶן הַזֶּה֙ בְּיָדֶ֔ךָ וְלֵ֖ךְ רָמֹ֥ת גִּלְעָֽד: |
| And Elisha the prophet summoned…. at that same time that Jehoram was ill in Jezreel. |
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וֶאֱלִישָׁע הַנָּבִיא קָרָא וְגוֹ'.
בְּאוֹתוֹ הַפֶּרֶק שֶׁהָיָה יְהוֹרָם חוֹלֶה בְּיִזְרְעֶאל.
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| one of the disciples of the prophets. It was Jonah the son of Amittai. |
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לְאַחַד מִבְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים.
יוֹנָה בֶּן אֲמִתַּי הָיָה.
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| Gird your loins. Every girding of the loins is an expression of quickening of mightiness. Since he was a messenger for a perilous mission, (he needed quickening). |
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חֲגֹר מָתְנֶיךָ.
כָּל חֲגוֹרַת מָתְנַיִם לְשׁוֹן זֵרוּז גְּבוּרָה הוּא, לְפִי שֶׁהוּא שָׁלוּחַ לִדְבַר הַסַּכָּנָה [[צָרִיךְ זֵרוּז].
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| 2And you shall come there, and see there Jehu the son of Jehoshaphat the son of Nimshi, and you shall come and raise him up from among his brothers and bring him into an inner chamber." |
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בוּבָ֖אתָ שָׁ֑מָּה וּרְאֵֽה־שָׁ֠ם יֵה֨וּא בֶן־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֜ט בֶּן־נִמְשִׁ֗י וּבָ֙אתָ֙ וַהֲקֵֽמֹתוֹ֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ אֶחָ֔יו וְהֵבֵיאתָ֥ אֹת֖וֹ חֶ֥דֶר בְּחָֽדֶר: |
| 3And you shall take the cruse of oil and pour it on his head, and you shall say, "So said the Lord, 'I have anointed you as king over Israel.' And you shall open the door and flee; do not tarry." |
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גוְלָקַחְתָּ֚ פַךְ־הַשֶּׁ֙מֶן֙ וְיָצַקְתָּ֣ עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֔ה מְשַׁחְתִּ֥יךָ לְמֶ֖לֶךְ אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּפָתַחְתָּ֥ הַדֶּ֛לֶת וְנַ֖סְתָּה וְלֹ֥א תְחַכֶּֽה: |
| 4And the lad, the disciple of the prophet, went to Ramoth-Gilead. |
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דוַיֵּ֧לֶךְ הַנַּ֛עַר הַנַּ֥עַר הַנָּבִ֖יא רָמֹ֥ת גִּלְעָֽד: |
| the lad, the disciple of the prophet. the disciple of Elisha the prophet, so did Jonathan render: and the lad, the disciple of the prophet, went. |
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הַנַּעַר הַנָּבִיא.
נַעֲרוֹ שֶל אֱלִישָׁע הַנָּבִיא, כָּךְ תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: וַאֲזַל עוּלֵימָא תַּלְמִידָא דִּנְבִיָּא.
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| 5And he came, and behold, the officers of the army were sitting; and he said, "I have a message for you, officer," and Jehu said, "For which one of all of us?" And he said, "For you, officer." |
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הוַיָּבֹ֗א וְהִנֵּ֨ה שָׂרֵ֚י הַחַ֙יִל֙ יֹֽשְׁבִ֔ים וַיֹּ֕אמֶר דָּבָ֥ר לִ֛י אֵלֶ֖יךָ הַשָּׂ֑ר וַיֹּ֚אמֶר יֵהוּא֙ אֶל־מִ֣י מִכֻּלָּ֔נוּ וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֵלֶ֥יךָ הַשָּֽׂר: |
| 6And he arose and came to the house and poured oil on his head. And he said to him, "So said the Lord God of Israel, 'I have anointed you as king over the Lord's people, over Israel. |
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ווַיָּ֙קָם֙ וַיָּבֹ֣א הַבַּ֔יְתָה וַיִּצֹ֥ק הַשֶּׁ֖מֶן אֶל־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֚ר יְהֹוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מְשַׁחְתִּ֧יךָ לְמֶ֛לֶךְ אֶל־עַ֥ם יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| 7And you shall strike the house of Ahab your master, and I will avenge the blood of My servants the prophets and the blood of all the Lord's servants from Jezebel. |
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זוְהִ֨כִּיתָ֔ה אֶת־בֵּ֥ית אַחְאָ֖ב אֲדֹנֶ֑יךָ וְנִקַּמְתִּ֞י דְּמֵ֣י | עֲבָדַ֣י הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים וּדְמֵ֛י כָּל־עַבְדֵ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה מִיַּ֥ד אִיזָֽבֶל: |
| 8And the entire house of Ahab will perish; and I will cut off from Ahab all males and every restrained and free in Israel. |
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חוְאָבַ֖ד כָּל־בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב וְהִכְרַתִּ֚י לְאַחְאָב֙ מַשְׁתִּ֣ין בְּקִ֔יר וְעָצ֥וּר וְעָז֖וּב בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| 9And I shall render the house of Ahab like the house of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, and like the house of Baasha the son of Ahijah. |
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טוְנָֽתַתִּי֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֔ב כְּבֵ֖ית יָרָבְעָ֣ם בֶּן־נְבָ֑ט וּכְבֵ֖ית בַּעְשָׁ֥א בֶן־אֲחִיָּֽה: |
| 10And the dogs will eat Jezebel in the territory of Jezreel and no one will bury her.' " And he opened the door and fled. |
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יוְאֶת־אִיזֶ֜בֶל יֹֽאכְל֧וּ הַכְּלָבִ֛ים בְּחֵ֥לֶק יִזְרְעֶ֖אל וְאֵ֣ין קֹבֵ֑ר וַיִּפְתַּ֥ח הַדֶּ֖לֶת וַיָּנֹֽס: |
| 11And Jehu went out to his master's servants, and one said to him, "Is all well? Why did this madman come to you?" And he said, "You know the man and his speech." |
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יאוְיֵה֗וּא יָצָא֙ אֶל־עַבְדֵ֣י אֲדֹנָ֔יו וַיֹּ֚אמֶר לוֹ֙ הֲשָׁל֔וֹם מַדּ֛וּעַ בָּֽא־הַמְשֻׁגָּ֥ע הַזֶּ֖ה אֵלֶ֑יךָ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם אַתֶּ֛ם יְדַעְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־הָאִ֖ישׁ וְאֶת־שִׂיחֽוֹ: |
| You know the man. You recognize the man, that he is mad. |
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אַתֶּם יְדַעְתֶּם אֶת הָאִישׁ.
אַתֶּם מַכִּירִים אֶת הָאִישׁ, שֶׁהוּא מְשֻׁגָּע.
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| 12And they said, "It is a lie; please tell us." And he said, "He said to me thus and thus, saying, 'So said the Lord, "I have anointed you as king over Israel." ' " |
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יבוַיֹּאמְר֣וּ שֶׁ֔קֶר הַגֶּד־נָ֖א לָ֑נוּ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר כָּזֹ֚את וְכָזֹאת֙ אָמַ֚ר אֵלַי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר כֹּה אָמַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֔ה מְשַׁחְתִּ֥יךָֽ לְמֶ֖לֶךְ אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| And they said, It is a lie. that you are saying. You are hiding what he said to you. |
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וַיֹּאמְרוּ שֶׁקֶר.
אַתָּה אוֹמֵר, מַעְלִים אַתָּה מַה שֶּׁאָמַר לְךָ.
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| 13And they hastened, and each one took his garment and they put them under him on the top step, and they sounded the shofar and said, "Jehu has become king!" |
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יגוַֽיְמַהֲר֗וּ וַיִּקְחוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ בִּגְד֔וֹ וַיָּשִֹ֥ימוּ תַחְתָּ֖יו אֶל־גֶּ֣רֶם הַֽמַּעֲל֑וֹת וַֽיִּתְקְעוּ֙ בַּשּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ מָלַ֥ךְ יֵהֽוּא: |
| on the top step. Jonathan [renders]: on the step of the hours, a type of steps made corresponding to the hours of the day, to know each hour when the shade descends one hour. [It was a type of sundial. The word used for step is] gerem, ourle in Old French, an expression of a notch. [Similarly, the word] “Hagramah,” in the laws of “shechitah” is from this derivation, that one slaughters in a straight line, and then cuts downwards, making an appearance of a hillock above. |
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אֶל גֶּרֶם הַמַּעֲלוֹת.
עַל דְּרַג שָׁעַיָּא, כְּמִין מַעֲלוֹת עֲשׂוּיוֹת לְמוּל שְׁעוֹת הַיּוֹם, לָדַעַת עַל כָּל שָׁעָה וְשָׁעָה, כְּשֶׁהַצֵּל יוֹרֵד שָׁעָה אַחַת. גֶּרֶם, אורלי"ו בְּלַעַ"ז, לְשׁוֹן פְּגָם, וְ'הַגְרָמָה' שֶׁבְּהִלְכוֹת שְׁחִיטָה, מִן הַלָּשׁוֹן הַזֶּה הוּא, שֶׁשּׁוֹחֵט וְהוֹלֵךְ וְיוֹרֵד, וְנִרְאֶה כְּמִין גַּבְשׁוּשִׁית לְמַעְלָה.
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| 14And Jehu son of Jehoshaphat son of Nimshi revolted against Joram, while Joram was guarding in Ramoth-Gilead, he and all Israel, against Hazael king of Aram. |
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ידוַיִּתְקַשֵּׁ֗ר יֵה֛וּא בֶּן־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֥ט בֶּן־נִמְשִׁ֖י אֶל־יוֹרָ֑ם וְיוֹרָם֩ הָיָ֨ה שֹׁמֵ֜ר בְּרָמֹ֣ת גִּלְעָ֗ד הוּא וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִפְּנֵ֥י חֲזָאֵ֖ל מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָֽם: |
| 15And King Jehoram returned to recuperate in Jezreel from the wounds that the Arameans inflicted upon him when he fought with Hazael king of Aram. And Jehu said, "If you so desire, let no survivor leave the city to go and tell in Jezreel." |
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טווַיָּשָׁב֩ יְהוֹרָ֨ם הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לְהִתְרַפֵּ֣א בִיְזְרְעֶ֗אל מִן־הַמַּכִּים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יַכֻּ֣הוּ אֲרַמִּ֔ים בְּהִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וֹ אֶת־חֲזָאֵ֖ל מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֑ם וַיֹּ֚אמֶר יֵהוּא֙ אִם־יֵ֣שׁ נַפְשְׁכֶ֔ם אַל־יֵצֵ֚א פָלִיט֙ מִן־הָעִ֔יר לָלֶ֖כֶת לְהַגִּ֥יד (כתיב לֲגִּ֥יד) בְּיִזְרְעֶֽאל: |
| If you so desire. that I reign. |
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אִם יֵשׁ נַפְשְׁכֶם.
שֶׁאֶמְלֹךְ.
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| from the city. from Ramoth-Gilead. |
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מִן הָעִיר.
מִן רָמוֹת גִּלְעָד.
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| tell. [Heb.] לַגִּיד, same as לְהַגִּיד. |
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לַגִּיד.
כְּמוֹ לְהַגִּיד.
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| 16And Jehu rode and went to Jezreel for Joram was lying there, and Ahaziah king of Judah went down to see Joram. |
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טזוַיִּרְכַּ֚ב יֵהוּא֙ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ יִזְרְעֶ֔אלָה כִּ֥י יוֹרָ֖ם שֹׁכֵ֣ב שָׁ֑מָּה וַֽאֲחַזְיָה֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה יָרַ֖ד לִרְא֥וֹת אֶת־יוֹרָֽם: |
| 17And the lookout was standing on the tower in Jezreel, and he saw Jehu's troop when it came, and he said, "I see a troop." And Jehoram said, "Take a rider and send him toward them, and let him say, 'Is there peace?' " |
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יזוְהַצֹּפֶה֩ עֹמֵ֨ד עַֽל־הַמִּגְדָּ֜ל בְּיִזְרְעֶ֗אל וַיַּ֞רְא אֶת־שִׁפְעַ֚ת יֵהוּא֙ בְּבֹא֔וֹ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שִׁפְעַ֖ת אֲנִ֣י רֹאֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוֹרָ֗ם קַ֥ח רַכָּ֛ב וּֽשְׁלַ֥ח לִקְרָאתָ֖ם וְיֹאמַ֥ר הֲשָׁלֽוֹם: |
| . |
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שִׁפְעַת.
גְּדוּד.
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| 18The horse rider went toward him and said, "So said the king, 'Is there peace?' " and Jehu said, "What is it to you whether there is peace? Fall in behind me." And the lookout reported saying, "The messenger came up to them and did not return." |
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יחוַיֵּלֶךְ֩ רֹכֵ֨ב הַסּ֜וּס לִקְרָאת֗וֹ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֚ר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הֲשָׁל֔וֹם וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יֵה֛וּא מַה־לְּךָ֥ וּלְשָׁל֖וֹם סֹ֣ב אֶֽל־אַחֲרָ֑י וַיַגֵּ֚ד הַצֹּפֶה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בָּֽא־הַמַּלְאָ֥ךְ עַד־הֵ֖ם וְלֹֽא־שָֽׁב: |
| 19And he sent a second horse rider, who came to them and said, "So said the king, 'Is there peace?' " And Jehu said, "What is it to you whether there is peace? Fall in behind me." |
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יטוַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח רֹכֵ֣ב סוּס֘ שֵׁנִי֒ וַיָּבֹ֣א אֲלֵהֶ֔ם וַיֹּ֛אמֶר כֹּֽה־אָמַ֥ר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ שָׁל֑וֹם וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יֵה֛וּא מַה־לְּךָ֥ וּלְשָׁל֖וֹם סֹ֥ב אֶֽל־אַחֲרָֽי: |
| 20And the lookout reported saying, "He came up to them and did not return. His driving is like the driving of Jehu the son of Nimshi, for he drives madly. |
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כוַיַגֵּ֚ד הַצֹּפֶה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בָּ֥א עַד־אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וְלֹֽא־שָׁ֑ב וְהַמִּנְהָ֗ג כְּמִנְהַג֙ יֵה֣וּא בֶן־נִמְשִׁ֔י כִּ֥י בְשִׁגָּע֖וֹן יִנְהָֽג: |
| 21And Jehoram said, "Hitch up!" And he hitched up his chariot. And Jehoram king of Israel and Ahaziah king of Judah, went out each in his own chariot; they went out toward Jehu, and they found him in the territory of Naboth the Jezreelite. |
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כאוַיֹּ֚אמֶר יְהוֹרָם֙ אֱסֹ֔ר וַיֶּאְסֹ֖ר רִכְבּ֑וֹ וַיֵּצֵ֣א יְהוֹרָ֣ם מֶֽלֶךְ־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל וַאֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה אִ֣ישׁ בְּרִכְבּ֗וֹ וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ לִקְרַ֣את יֵה֔וּא וַיִּמְצָאֻ֔הוּ בְּחֶלְקַ֖ת נָב֥וֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִֽי: |
| 22And it was when Jehoram saw Jehu, that he said, "Is there peace, Jehu?" And he said, "What peace is there with the harlotries of Jezebel your mother and her numerous sorceries?" |
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כבוַיְהִ֗י כִּרְא֚וֹת יְהוֹרָם֙ אֶת־יֵה֔וּא וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הֲשָׁל֣וֹם יֵה֑וּא וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מָ֣ה הַשָּׁל֔וֹם עַד־זְנוּנֵ֞י אִיזֶ֧בֶל אִמְּךָ֛ וּכְשָׁפֶ֖יהָ הָרַבִּֽים: |
| 23And Jehoram turned his hands around and fled. And he said to Ahaziah, "Treachery, Ahaziah!" |
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כגוַיַּהֲפֹ֧ךְ יְהוֹרָ֛ם יָדָ֖יו וַיָּנֹ֑ס וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֶל־אֲחַזְיָ֖הוּ מִרְמָ֥ה אֲחַזְיָֽה: |
| 24And Jehu put all his strength into his bow, and he hit Jehoram between his arms, and the arrow protruded from his heart, and he fell to his knees in his chariot. |
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כדוְיֵה֞וּא מִלֵּ֧א יָד֣וֹ בַקֶּ֗שֶׁת וַיַּ֚ךְ אֶת־יְהוֹרָם֙ בֵּ֣ין זְרֹעָ֔יו וַיֵּצֵ֥א הַחֵ֖צִי מִלִּבּ֑וֹ וַיִּכְרַ֖ע בְּרִכְבּֽוֹ: |
| 25And he said to Bidkar, his officer, "Pick him up! Throw him into the territory of the field of Naboth the Jezreelite, for remember that you and I were riding together after Ahab his father, when the Lord pronounced this prophecy upon him: |
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כהוַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֶל־בִּדְקַר֙ שָֽׁלִשׁ֔וֹ (כתיב שָֽׁלִשֹׁ֔ה) שָֹא הַשְׁלִכֵ֔הוּ בְּחֶלְקַ֕ת שְׂדֵ֖ה נָב֣וֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֑י כִּֽי־זְכֹ֞ר אֲנִ֣י וָאַ֗תָּה אֵ֣ת רֹכְבִ֚ים צְמָדִים֙ אַֽחֲרֵי֙ אַחְאָ֣ב אָבִ֔יו וַֽיהֹוָה֙ נָשָֹ֣א עָלָ֔יו אֶת־הַמַּשָּׂ֖א הַזֶּֽה: |
| that… were riding together. how you and I were riding together after Ahab on the day that he killed Naboth. |
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אֵת רֹכְבִים צְמָדִים.
אֶת אֲשֶׁר אֲנִי וְאַתָּה הָיִינוּ רוֹכְבִים צְמָדִים אַחַר אַחְאָב, בְּיוֹם שֶׁהָרַג אֶת נָבוֹת.
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| when the Lord pronounced… upon him. this prophecy through the prophet Elijah, and we heard. |
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וַה' נָשָׂא עָלָיו.
בְּיַד אֵלִיָּהוּ הַנָּבִיא הַמַּשָּׂא הַזֶּה, וַאֲנַחְנוּ שָׁמַעְנוּ.
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| 26'Did I not see the blood of Naboth and the blood of his children last night?' says the Lord. 'I shall requite you in this plot,' says the Lord. And now, pick [him] up and throw him into this plot according to the word of the Lord." |
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כואִם־לֹ֡א אֶת־דְּמֵ֣י נָבוֹת֩ וְאֶת־דְּמֵ֨י בָנָ֜יו רָאִ֚יתִי אֶ֙מֶשׁ֙ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֔ה וְשִׁלַּמְתִּ֥י לְךָ֛ בַּחֶלְקָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֗ה שָֹ֧א הַשְׁלִכֵ֛הוּ בַּחֶלְקָ֖ה כִּדְבַ֥ר יְהֹוָֽה: |
| 27And Ahaziah king of Judah saw, and he fled by way of the garden-house, and Jehu pursued him, and he said, "Strike him too in the chariot." [And they struck him] at the ascent of Gur which is near Ibleam, and he fled to Megiddo and died there. |
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כזוַאֲחַזְיָ֚ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה֙ רָאָ֔ה וַיָּ֕נַס דֶּ֖רֶךְ בֵּ֣ית הַגָּ֑ן וַיִּרְדֹּ֨ף אַחֲרָ֜יו יֵה֗וּא וַ֠יֹּאמֶר גַּם־אֹת֞וֹ הַכֻּ֣הוּ אֶל־הַמֶּרְכָּבָ֗ה בְּמַֽעֲלֵה־גוּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶת־יִבְלְעָ֔ם וַיָּ֥נָס מְגִדּ֖וֹ וַיָּ֥מָת שָֽׁם: |
| Strike him… in the chariot. And in II Chron. (22:9), it is said: “And he sought Ahaziah, and they captured him when he was hiding in Samaria, and they brought him to Jehu.” [The discrepancy between] the verses can be reconciled [thus]: And… fled by way of the garden (sic) from Jezreel to Samaria. There is, however, an uncertainty in the matter, for Jehu had no rule in Samaria until the next day, as it is explained in this account (10:1): “And Jehu wrote letters and sent to Samaria…” Our Rabbis explained in the Aggadah of [the chapter] entitled ‘Chelek’ (San. 102b): “And he was hiding in Samaria, that he would cut out the Divine Names [from the Scriptures] and write [the names of] pagan deities in their place.” According to them, we can say that this hiding was not because of Jehu, but thus is its explanation: And he sought Ahaziah, and they captured him when he was fleeing by way of the garden (sic), and he had been behaving wickedly from the beginning, for he would come to Samaria and hide from the Judean officers to commit this abomination, since the inhabitants of Samaria were idolaters. “And they brought him to Jehu,” [i.e.,] Jehu’s men, who had pursued him. “And he said, ‘strike him… in the chariot.’” |
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הַכֻּהוּ אֶל הַמֶּרְכָּבָה וְגוֹ'.
וּבְדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים הוּא אוֹמֵר: וַיְבַקֵּשׁ אֶת אֲחַזְיָה וַיִּלְכְּדוּהוּ וְהוּא מִתְחַבֵּא בְּשׁוֹמְרוֹן וַיְבִיאוּהוּ אֶל יֵהוּא, יֵשׁ לְיַשֵּׁב הַמִּקְרָאוֹת, וַיָּנָס דֶּרֶךְ הַגָּן, מִיִּזְרְעֶאל לְשׁוֹמְרוֹן, וַיִּרְדֹּף אַחֲרָיו יֵהוּא. אַךְ יֵשׁ גִּמְגּוּם בַּדָּבָר, שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא הָיְתָה מֶמְשֶׁלֶת יֵהוּא בְּשׁוֹמְרוֹן עַד יוֹם הַמָּחֳרָת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּפֹרָשׁ בָּעִנְיָן: וַיִּכְתֹּב יֵהוּא סְפָרִים וַיִּשְׁלַח שׁוֹמְרוֹן וְגוֹ'. רַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ בְּאַגָּדַת חֵלֶק: וְהוּא מִתְחַבֵּא בְּשׁוֹמְרוֹן, שֶׁהָיָה קוֹדֵר אַזְכָּרוֹת וְכוֹתֵב עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים תַּחְתֵּיהֶם. וּלְפִי דִבְרֵיהֶם יֵשׁ לוֹמַר, שֶׁאֵין הַחְבָּאָה זוֹ מִפְּנֵי יֵהוּא, אֶלָּא כָּךְ פֵּרוּשׁוֹ, וַיְבַקֵּשׁ אֶת אֲחַזְיָהוּ וַיִּלְכְּדוּהוּ כְּשֶׁהָיָה נָס דֶּרֶךְ הַגָּן, וְהוּא הָיָה מַרְשִׁיעַ לַעֲשׂוֹת מִתְּחִלָּה, שֶׁהָיָה בָּא לְשׁוֹמְרוֹן וְהִתְחַבֵּא מִפְּנֵי שָׂרֵי יְהוּדָה, לַעֲשׂוֹת הַתּוֹעֵבָה הַזֹּאת, לְפִי שֶׁיּוֹשְׁבֵי שׁוֹמְרוֹן עוֹבְדֵי עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת הָיוּ, וַיְבִיאוּהוּ אֶל יֵהוּא, אַנְשֵׁי יֵהוּא שֶׁרָדְפוּ אַחֲרָיו, וַיֹּאמֶר הַכֻּהוּ אֶל הַמֶּרְכָּבָה.
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| at the ascent of Gur. for there they brought him to him. |
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בְּמַעֲלֵה גוּר.
שֶׁשָּׁם הֱבִיאוּהוּ אֵלָיו.
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וַיָּנָס מְגִדּוֹ.
מֻכֶּה בְנִכְלִיּוּת.
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| 28And his servants carried him in a chariot to Jerusalem, and they buried him in his grave with his forefathers in the city of David. |
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כחוַיַּרְכִּ֧בוּ אֹת֛וֹ עֲבָדָ֖יו יְרוּשָׁלְָ֑מָה וַיִּקְבְּר֨וּ אֹת֧וֹ בִקְבֻרָת֛וֹ עִם־אֲבֹתָ֖יו בְּעִ֥יר דָּוִֽד: |
| 29And in the eleventh year of Joram son of Ahab, Ahaziah became king over Judah. |
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כטוּבִשְׁנַת֙ אַחַ֣ת עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לְיוֹרָ֖ם בֶּן־אַחְאָ֑ב מָלַ֥ךְ אֲחַזְיָ֖ה עַל־יְהוּדָֽה: |
| And in the eleventh year of Joram son of Ahab, Ahaziah became king. Above (8:25) it is stated, “In the twelfth year.” And you are forced to say that Jehoram his father did not die until the twelfth year of Joram, for in the fifth year of Joram he became king (8:16) and he reigned for eight years (8:17). Now why does it say here, “In the eleventh year?” I say that he reigned one year during his father’s lifetime since he was afflicted with severe maladies, as it is said: “And after all this, the Lord afflicted him with incurable illness. And it was by the end of a year, that his intestines went out because of his illness… And the inhabitants of Jerusalem made Ahaziah… king” (II Chron 21:18-22:1.) Here (8:26) it is stated: “Ahaziah was twenty-two years old when he reigned,” and in II Chron. (22:2), He was (sic) forty-two years old when he reigned. Now all the days of Jehoram his father was forty years, no more, as it is said concerning him: “He was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned eight years (8:17).” Now how is it possible for a son to be two years older than his father? Rather, twenty years before he was born, which was two years before his father was born, this decree was issued. From the day that Asa took a daughter of Omri in marriage for Jehoshaphat his son, a decree was issued upon the house of David that it be destroyed with the house of Ahab. And thus it is stated in II Chron. (22:7) “And from God was Ahaziah’s confusion, to come to Joram…” Thus it is taught in Seder Olam (ch. 17) and in the Tosefta of Sotah (ch. 12). Nowhere in the Scriptures, however, do we find that Jehoshaphat married Omri’s daughter. I did find, however, in II Chron. (18: 1) “And he (Jehoshaphat) intermarried with Ahab.” Perhaps this refers to his sister whom he married. And in the thirty-first year of Asa he married her, as it is said: “In the thirty-first year of Asa… Omri reigned” (I Kings 15:23). And we learned in Seder Olam (ch. 17) that he reigned over the entire kingdom, for six years prior to then, he reigned over half the people, and when Asa took his daughter in marriage to Jehoshaphat, he gained prestige, and they assassinated Tibni. Proceed and calculate from the thirty first year of Asa until the death of Ahaziah and you will find them to be forty two. |
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וּבִשְׁנַת אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה לְיוֹרָם בֶּן אַחְאָב מָלַךְ אֲחַזְיָה.
לְמַעְלָה הוּא אוֹמֵר: בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה, וְעַל כָּרְחֲךָ יְהוֹרָם אָבִיו לֹא מֵת אֶלָּא בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה לְיוֹרָם, שֶׁהֲרֵי בִּשְׁנַת חָמֵשׁ לְיוֹרָם מָלַךְ, וּשְׁמוֹנֶה שָׁנִים מָלַךְ, וּמַהוּ שֶׁאָמַר כָּאן בִּשְׁנַת אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה, אוֹמֵר אֲנִי, שֶׁמָּלַךְ בְּחַיֵּי אָבִיו שָׁנָה, לְפִי שֶׁהָיָה נָגוּף בְּתַחֲלוּאִים רָעִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בְּדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים: וְאַחֲרֵי כָּל זֹאת נְגָפוֹ ה' לָחֳלִי לְאֵין מַרְפֵּא, וַיְהִי לְיָמִים מִיָּמִים יָצְאוּ מֵעָיו עִם חָלְיוֹ וְגוֹ', וַיַּמְלִיכוּ יוֹשְׁבֵי יְרוּשָׁלַיִם אֶת אֲחַזְיָהוּ. כָּאן הוּא אוֹמֵר בֶּן עֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁתַּיִם שָׁנָה אֲחַזְיָהוּ בְּמָלְכוֹ, וּבְדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים: בֶּן אַרְבָּעִים וּשְׁתַּיִם שָׁנָה הָיָה בְּמָלְכוֹ, וְכָל יְמֵי יְהוֹרָם אָבִיו אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה הָיוּ וְלֹא יוֹתֵר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ שְׁלשִׁים וּשְׁתַּיִם שָׁנָה בְּמָלְכוֹ, וּשְׁמוֹנֶה שָׁנָה מָלַךְ, וְהֵיאַךְ אֶפְשָׁר לַבֵּן לִהְיוֹת גָּדוֹל מֵאָבִיו שְׁתֵּי שָׁנִים, אֶלָּא עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה לִפְנֵי שֶׁנּוֹלַד, שֶׁהֵם שְׁתֵּי שָׁנִים קֹדֶם שֶׁנּוֹלַד אָבִיו, נִגְזְרָה גְּזֵרָה זוֹ, מִיּוֹם שֶׁנָּשָׂא אָסָא אֶת בַּת עָמְרִי לִיהוֹשָׁפָט בְּנוֹ נִגְזְרָה גְּזֵרָה עַל בֵּית דָּוִד, שֶׁתִּכְלֶה עִם בֵּית אַחְאָב, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר: וּמֵאֱלֹהִים הָיְתָה תְּבוּסַת אֲחַזְיָהוּ לָבֹא אֶל יוֹרָם וְגוֹ', כָּךְ שְׁנוּיָה בְּסֵדֶר עוֹלָם, וּבְתוֹסֶפְתָּא דְּסוֹטָה. אַךְ בְּכָל הַמִּקְרָא לֹא מָצִינוּ שֶׁנָּשָׂא יְהוֹשָׁפָט אֶת בַּת עָמְרִי, אַךְ מָצָאתִי בְּדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים: וַיִּתְחַתֵּן לְאַחְאָב, וְשֶׁמָּא זוֹ הִיא אֲחוֹתוֹ שֶׁנָּשָׂא, וּבִשְׁנַת שְׁלשִׁים וְאַחַת לְאָסָא נְשָׂאָהּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: בִּשְׁנַת שְׁלשִׁים וְאַחַת לְאָסָא מָלַךְ עָמְרִי. וְשָׁנִינוּ בְּסֵדֶר עוֹלָם, שֶׁמָּלַךְ מַלְכוּת שְׁלֵמָה, שֶׁהֲרֵי שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים קֹדֶם לָכֵן מָלַךְ עַל חֲצִי הָעָם, וּכְשֶׁנָּשָׂא אָסָא אֶת בִּתּוֹ לִיהוֹשָׁפָט, נִתְעַלָּה עָמְרִי וְהָרְגוּ אֶת תִּבְנִי, צֵא וַחֲשֹׁב מִשְּׁנַת שְׁלשִׁים וְאַחַת לְאָסָא עַד מוֹת אֲחַזְיָהוּ, וְתִמְצָאֵם אַרְבָּעִים וּשְׁתַּיִם.
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| 30And Jehu came to Jezreel, and Jezebel heard, and she painted her eyes and she adorned her head, and looked out of the window. |
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לוַיָּב֥וֹא יֵה֖וּא יִזְרְעֶ֑אלָה וְאִיזֶ֣בֶל שָׁמְעָ֗ה וַתָּ֨שֶׂם בַּפּ֚וּךְ עֵינֶ֙יהָ֙ וַתֵּ֣יטֶב אֶת־רֹאשָׁ֔הּ וַתַּשְׁקֵ֖ף בְּעַ֥ד הַחַלּֽוֹן: |
| she adorned her head. She adorned her head in order to have charm in Jehu’s eyes so that he would marry her. |
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וַתֵּיטֶב אֶת רֹאשָׁהּ.
וּתְקָנַת יַת רֵישָׁהּ, כְּדֵי שֶׁתְּהֵא לְחֵן בְּעֵינֵי יֵהוּא, וְיִשָּׂאֶנָּה.
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| 31And Jehu came into the gate; and she said, "Is there peace, Zimri, assassin of his master?" |
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לאוְיֵה֖וּא בָּ֣א בַשָּׁ֑עַר וַתֹּ֣אמֶר הֲשָׁל֔וֹם זִמְרִ֖י הֹרֵ֥ג אֲדֹנָֽיו: |
| Is there peace. Do you wish to be with me in peace? |
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וַתֹּאמֶר הֲשָׁלוֹם.
תִּרְצֶה לִהְיוֹת עִמּוֹ בְּשָׁלוֹם.
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| Zimri, assassin of his master. If you assassinated your master, this is nothing new, for Zimri too assassinated Elah son of Baasha. |
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זִמְרִי הֹרֵג אֲדֹנָיו.
אִם הָרַגְתָּ אֶת אֲדוֹנְךָ אֵין זֶה דָּבָר חָדָשׁ, שֶׁהֲרֵי זִמְרִי גַּם הוּא הָרַג אֶת אֵלָה בֶן בַּעְשָׁא.
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| 32And he lifted his face to the window and said, "Who is with me? Who?" And two or three eunuchs looked out to him. |
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לבוַיִּשָּׂ֚א פָנָיו֙ אֶל־הַ֣חַלּ֔וֹן וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מִ֥י אִתִּ֖י מִ֑י וַיַּשְׁקִ֣יפוּ אֵלָ֔יו שְׁנַ֥יִם שְׁלשָׁ֖ה סָרִיסִֽים: |
| Who is with me?. Who among you will come to my aid? |
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מִי אִתִּי.
מִי בָּכֶם לְעֶזְרָתִי.
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| 33And he said, "Push her out!" And they pushed her out, and some of her blood splattered on the wall and on the horses, and they trampled her. |
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לגוַיֹּ֥אמֶר שִׁמְט֖וּהָ (כתיב שִׁמְטֻ֖הָו) וַֽיִּשְׁמְט֑וּהָ וַיִּ֨ז מִדָּמָ֧הּ אֶל־הַקִּ֛יר וְאֶל־הַסּוּסִ֖ים וַֽיִּרְמְסֶֽנָּה: |
| “Push her out!”. of the window to the ground. |
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שִׁמְטוּהָ.
מִן הַחַלּוֹן אַרְצָה.
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| 34And he came and ate and drank; and he said, "Attend to this cursed woman and bury her, for she is a king's daughter." |
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לדוַיָּבֹ֖א וַיֹּ֣אכַל וַיֵּ֑שְׁתְּ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר פִּקְדוּ־נָ֞א אֶת־הָאֲרוּרָ֚ה הַזֹּאת֙ וְקִבְר֔וּהָ כִּ֥י בַת־מֶ֖לֶךְ הִֽיא: |
| 35And they went to bury her, but they did not find of her save the skull, the feet, and the palms of the hands. |
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להוַיֵּלְכ֖וּ לְקָבְרָ֑הּ וְלֹא־מָ֣צְאוּ בָ֗הּ כִּ֧י אִם־הַגֻּלְגֹּ֛לֶת וְהָרַגְלַ֖יִם וְכַפּ֥וֹת הַיָּדָֽיִם: |
| the skull, the feet. Our Rabbis said, that she would dance before bridegrooms with her hands and feet, and shake her head. |
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הַגֻּלְגֹּלֶת וְהָרַגְלַיִם.
אָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ: שֶׁהָיְתָה מְרַקֶּדֶת לִפְנֵי חֲתָנִים בְּיָדֶיהָ וּבְרַגְלֶיהָ וּמְכַשְׁכֶּשֶׁת בְּרֹאשָׁהּ.
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| 36And they returned and told him: and he said, "It is God's word which he spoke through his prophet, Elijah the Tishbite, saying, 'In the territory of Jezreel the dogs will devour Jezebel's flesh. |
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לווַיָּשֻׁבוּ֘ וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ לוֹ֒ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ דְּבַר־יְהֹוָ֣ה ה֔וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֗ר בְּיַד־עַבְדּ֛וֹ אֵלִיָּ֥הוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּ֖י לֵאמֹ֑ר בְּחֵ֣לֶק יִזְרְעֶ֔אל יֹאכְל֥וּ הַכְּלָבִ֖ים אֶת־בְּשַֹ֥ר אִיזָֽבֶל: |
| 37And Jezebel's corpse shall be as dung upon the field in the territory of Jezreel, so that no one will say, "This is Jezebel.' " |
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לזוְֽהָיְתָ֞ה (כתיב וְֽהָיְתָ֞) נִבְלַ֣ת אִיזֶ֗בֶל כְּדֹ֛מֶן עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה בְּחֵ֣לֶק יִזְרְעֶ֑אל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יֹאמְר֖וּ זֹ֥את אִיזָֽבֶל: |
| as dung. This follows Jonathan. |
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כְּדֹמֶן.
תַּרְגּוּמוֹ: כְּזֶבֶל.
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