| 1On that day, King Ahasuerus gave Queen Esther the house of Haman the adversary of the Jews, and Mordecai came before the king, because Esther had told him what he was to her. |
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אבַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא נָתַ֞ן הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה אֶת־בֵּ֥ית הָמָ֖ן צֹרֵ֣ר הַיְּהוּדִ֑ים (כתיב היהודיים) וּמָרְדֳּכַ֗י בָּ֚א לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּֽי־הִגִּ֥ידָה אֶסְתֵּ֖ר מָ֥ה הוּא־לָֽהּ: |
| what he was to her. how he was related to her. |
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מָה הוּא לָהּ.
אֵיךְ הוּא קָרוֹב לָהּ:
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| 2And the king took off his ring, which he had removed from Haman and gave it to Mordecai, and Esther placed Mordecai in charge of the house of Haman. |
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בוַיָּ֨סַר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־טַבַּעְתּ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הֶֽעֱבִיר֙ מֵֽהָמָ֔ן וַֽיִּתְּנָ֖הּ לְמָרְדֳּכָ֑י וַתָּ֧שֶׂם אֶסְתֵּ֛ר אֶֽת־מָרְדֳּכַ֖י עַל־בֵּ֥ית הָמָֽן: |
| 3And Esther resumed speaking before the king, and she fell before his feet, and she wept and beseeched him to avert the harm of Haman the Agagite and his device that he had plotted against the Jews. |
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גוַתּ֣וֹסֶף אֶסְתֵּ֗ר וַתְּדַבֵּר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַתִּפֹּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֣י רַגְלָ֑יו וַתֵּ֣בְךְּ וַתִּֽתְחַנֶּן־ל֗וֹ לְהַֽעֲבִיר֙ אֶת־רָעַת֙ הָמָ֣ן הָֽאֲגָגִ֔י וְאֵת֙ מַֽחֲשַׁבְתּ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָשַׁ֖ב עַל־הַיְּהוּדִֽים: |
| to avert the harm of Haman. that his evil plan should not be realized. |
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לְהַעֲבִיר אֶת רָעַת הָמָן.
שֶׁלֹּא תִתְקַיֵּם עֲצָתוֹ הָרָעָה:
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| 4Then the king extended the golden scepter to Esther, and Esther arose and stood before the king. |
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דוַיּ֤וֹשֶׁט הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֔ר אֵ֖ת שַׁרְבִ֣יט הַזָּהָ֑ב וַתָּ֣קָם אֶסְתֵּ֔ר וַֽתַּֽעֲמֹ֖ד לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ: |
| 5And she said, "If it please the king, and if I have found favor before him, and the matter is proper before the king, and I am good in his sight, let it be written to rescind the letters, the device of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, which he wrote to destroy the Jews who are in all the king's provinces. |
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הוַ֠תֹּ֠אמֶר אִם־עַל־הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ ט֜וֹב וְֽאִם־מָצָ֧אתִי חֵ֣ן לְפָנָ֗יו וְכָשֵׁ֤ר הַדָּבָר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְטוֹבָ֥ה אֲנִ֖י בְּעֵינָ֑יו יִכָּתֵ֞ב לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶת־הַסְּפָרִ֗ים מַֽחֲשֶׁ֜בֶת הָמָ֤ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֨תָא֙ הָֽאֲגָגִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּתַ֗ב לְאַבֵּד֙ אֶת־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּכָל־מְדִינ֥וֹת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ: |
| 6For how can I see the evil that will befall my people, and how can I see the destruction of my kindred?" |
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וכִּ֠י אֵֽיכָכָ֤ה אוּכַל֙ וְֽרָאִ֔יתִי בָּֽרָעָ֖ה אֲשֶׁר־יִמְצָ֣א אֶת־עַמִּ֑י וְאֵֽיכָכָ֤ה אוּכַל֙ וְֽרָאִ֔יתִי בְּאָבְדַ֖ן מֽוֹלַדְתִּֽי: |
| 7Then King Ahasuerus said to Queen Esther and to Mordecai the Jew, "Behold the house of Haman I have given to Esther, and they have hanged him on the gallows because he laid a hand on the Jews. |
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ז
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה וּֽלְמָרְדֳּכַ֖י הַיְּהוּדִ֑י הִנֵּ֨ה בֵֽית־הָמָ֜ן נָתַ֣תִּי לְאֶסְתֵּ֗ר וְאֹתוֹ֙ תָּל֣וּ עַל־הָעֵ֔ץ עַ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח יָד֖וֹ בַּיְּהוּדִֽים (כתיב ביהודיים) |
| Behold the house of Haman, etc.. And from now on everyone will see that I desire you, and whatever you say, everyone will believe that it comes from me; therefore, you do not have to rescind them, but write other letters as you see fit. |
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הִנֵּה בֵית הָמָן וגו'.
וּמֵעַתָּה הַכֹּל רוֹאִים שֶׁאֲנִי חָפֵץ בָּכֶם, וְכָל מַה שֶּׁתּאמְרוּ יַאֲמִינוּ הַכֹּל שֶׁמֵּאִתִּי הוּא. לְפִיכָךְ, אֵין צְרִיכִין אַתֶּם לַהֲשִׁיבָם, אֶלָּא "כִּתְבוּ" סְפָרִים אֲחֵרִים "כַּטּוֹב בְּעֵינֵיכֶם":
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| 8And you-write about the Jews as you see fit, in the name of the king, and seal [it] with the king's ring, for a writ that is written in the name of the king and sealed with the king's ring cannot be rescinded." |
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ח
וְ֠אַתֶּ֠ם כִּתְב֨וּ עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים כַּטּ֤וֹב בְּעֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְחִתְמ֖וּ בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּֽי־כְתָ֞ב אֲשֶׁר־נִכְתָּ֣ב בְּשֵֽׁם־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְנַחְתּ֛וֹם בְּטַבַּ֥עַת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֵ֥ין לְהָשִֽׁיב: |
| cannot be rescinded. It is not fitting to rescind it and to invalidate the king’s writ. |
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אֵין לְהָשִׁיב.
אֵין נָאֶה לַהֲשִׁיבוֹ וְלַעֲשׂוֹת כְּתַב הַמֶּלֶךְ בְּזִיּוּף:
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| 9And the king's scribes were summoned at that time, in the third month-that is the month of Sivan-on the twenty-third day thereof, and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded, to the Jews and to the satraps and the governors, and the princes of the provinces from Hodu to Cush, a hundred and twenty-seven provinces, every province according to its script and every nationality according to its tongue, and to the Jews according to their script and according to their tongue. |
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טוַיִּקָּֽרְא֣וּ סֹֽפְרֵֽי־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ בָּֽעֵת־הַ֠הִ֠יא בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ סִיוָ֗ן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֣ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֘ בּוֹ֒ וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽכָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה מָרְדֳּכַ֣י אֶל־הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים וְאֶ֣ל הָֽאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִ֣ים־וְהַפַּחוֹת֩ וְשָׂרֵ֨י הַמְּדִינ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר | מֵהֹ֣דּוּ וְעַד־כּ֗וּשׁ שֶׁ֣בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְעַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשֹׁנ֑וֹ וְאֶ֨ל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים כִּכְתָבָ֖ם וְכִלְשׁוֹנָֽם: |
| according to its script. with its characters. |
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כִּכְתָבָהּ.
בָּאוֹתִיּוֹת שֶׁלָּהּ:
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| according to its tongue. the spoken language. |
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כִּלְשֹׁנוֹ.
הוּא הַדִּבּוּר:
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| 10And he wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed it with the king's ring, and he sent letters by the couriers on horseback, the riders of the king's steeds-the camels, bred of the dromedaries |
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יוַיִּכְתֹּ֗ב בְּשֵׁם֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔שׁ וַיַּחְתֹּ֖ם בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח סְפָרִ֡ים בְּיַד֩ הָֽרָצִ֨ים בַּסּוּסִ֜ים רֹֽכְבֵ֤י הָרֶ֨כֶשׁ֙ הָֽאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִ֔ים בְּנֵ֥י הָֽרַמָּכִֽים: |
| by the couriers. the horsemen, whom the king commanded to hasten (lit. to run). |
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בְּיַד הָרָצִים.
רוֹכְבֵי סוּסִים שֶׁצִּוָּה לָהֶם לָרוּץ:
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| the camels. Heb. הָאֲחַשְּׁתְּרָנִים. a type of camel that runs swiftly. |
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הָאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִים.
מִין גְּמַלִּים הַמְמַהֲרִים לָרוּץ:
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| 11that the king had given to the Jews who are in every city, [the right] to assemble and to protect themselves, to destroy, to slay, and to cause to perish the entire host of every people and province that oppress them, small children and women, and to take their spoils for plunder. |
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יאאֲשֶׁר֩ נָתַ֨ן הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לַיְּהוּדִ֣ים | אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּכָל־עִ֣יר־וָעִ֗יר לְֽהִקָּהֵל֘ וְלַֽעֲמֹ֣ד עַל־נַפְשָׁם֒ לְהַשְׁמִיד֩ וְלַֽהֲרֹ֨ג וּלְאַבֵּ֜ד אֶת־כָּל־חֵ֨יל עַ֧ם וּמְדִינָ֛ה הַצָּרִ֥ים אֹתָ֖ם טַ֣ף וְנָשִׁ֑ים וּשְׁלָלָ֖ם לָבֽוֹז: |
| and to take their spoils for plunder. as was written in the first [letters], but they “ -upon the spoils they did not lay their hands,” for they showed everyone that it was not done for the sake of money. |
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וּשְׁלָלָם לָבוֹז.
כַּאֲשֶׁר נִכְתַּב בָּרִאשׁוֹנוֹת וְהֵם בַּבִּזָּה לֹא שָׁלְחוּ אֶת יָדָם, שֶׁהֶרְאוּ לַכֹּל שֶׁלֹּא נַעֲשָׂה לְשֵׁם מָמוֹן:
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| 12In one day, in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, on the thirteenth of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar. |
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יבבְּי֣וֹם אֶחָ֔ד בְּכָל־מְדִינ֖וֹת הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר לְחֹ֥דֶשׁ שְׁנֵֽים־עָשָׂ֖ר הוּא־חֹ֥דֶשׁ אֲדָֽר: |
| 13The copy of the writ was that an edict be given in every province, published before all the peoples, and that the Jews be ready for that day, to avenge themselves upon their enemies. |
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יג
פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן הַכְּתָ֗ב לְהִנָּ֤תֵֽן דָּת֙ בְּכָל־מְדִינָ֣ה וּמְדִינָ֔ה גָּל֖וּי לְכָל־הָֽעַמִּ֑ים וְלִֽהְי֨וֹת הַיְּהוּדִ֤ים (כתיב היהודיים) עֲתִידִים֙ (כתיב עתודים) לַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה, לְהִנָּקֵם מֵאֹיְבֵיהֶם: |
| The copy. an explicit letter. |
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פַּתְשֶׁגֶן.
אִגֶּרֶת מְפֹרָשׁ:
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| 14The couriers, those who ride the king's steeds, the camels, went out hastened and pressed by the king's order, and the edict was given in Shushan the capital. |
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יד
הָֽרָצִ֞ים רֹֽכְבֵ֤י הָרֶ֨כֶשׁ֙ הָֽאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִ֔ים יָֽצְא֛וּ מְבֹֽהָלִ֥ים וּדְחוּפִ֖ים בִּדְבַ֣ר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְהַדָּ֥ת נִתְּנָ֖ה בְּשׁוּשַׁ֥ן הַבִּירָֽה: |
| hastened. They hastened them to act swiftly, because they had no time, since they had to get ahead of the first couriers to overtake them. |
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מְבֹהָלִים.
מְמַהֲרִים אוֹתָם לַעֲשׂוֹת מְהֵרָה, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה לָהֶם פְּנַאי, שֶׁהָיָה לָהֶם לְהַקְדִּים רָצִים הָרִאשׁוֹנִים לְהַעֲבִירָם:
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| 15And Mordecai left the king's presence with royal raiment, blue and white and a huge golden crown and a wrap of linen and purple, and the city of Shushan shouted and rejoiced. |
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טווּמָרְדֳּכַ֞י יָצָ֣א | מִלִּפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ בִּלְב֤וּשׁ מַלְכוּת֙ תְּכֵ֣לֶת וָח֔וּר וַֽעֲטֶ֤רֶת זָהָב֙ גְּדוֹלָ֔ה וְתַכְרִ֥יךְ בּ֖וּץ וְאַרְגָּמָ֑ן וְהָעִ֣יר שׁוּשָׁ֔ן צָֽהֲלָ֖ה וְשָׂמֵֽחָה: |
| and a wrap of linen. Heb. וְתַכְרִיך בּוּץ, a wrap of linen, a shawl in which to enwrap oneself. |
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וְתַכְרִיךְ בּוּץ.
מַעֲטֵה בוּץ, טַלִּית הֶעָשׂוּי לְהִתְעַטֵּף:
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| 16The Jews had light and joy, and gladness and honor. |
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טזלַיְּהוּדִ֕ים הָֽיְתָ֥ה אוֹרָ֖ה וְשִׂמְחָ֑ה וְשָׂשׂ֖ן וִיקָֽר: |
| 17And in every province and in every city, wherever the king's order and his edict reached, [there was] joy and gladness for the Jews, a banquet and a festive day, and many of the peoples of the land became Jews because the fear of the Jews was upon them. |
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יזוּבְכָל־מְדִינָ֨ה וּמְדִינָ֜ה וּבְכָל־עִ֣יר וָעִ֗יר מְקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר דְּבַר־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ וְדָתוֹ֙ מַגִּ֔יעַ שִׂמְחָ֤ה וְשָׂשׂוֹן֙ לַיְּהוּדִ֔ים מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה וְי֣וֹם ט֑וֹב וְרַבִּ֞ים מֵֽעַמֵּ֤י הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ מִֽתְיַֽהֲדִ֔ים כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּֽחַד־הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים עֲלֵיהֶֽם: |
| became Jews. מִתְיַהֲדִים, became proselytes. |
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מִתְיַהֲדִים.
מִתְגַּיְּרִים:
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