| 1And the lad Samuel was serving the Lord before Eli. Now the word of the Lord was withheld in those days; vision had not broken through. |
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אוְהַנַּ֧עַר שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל מְשָׁרֵ֥ת אֶת־יְהֹוָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֣י עֵלִ֑י וּדְבַר־יְהֹוָ֗ה הָיָ֚ה יָקָר֙ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם אֵ֥ין חָז֖וֹן נִפְרָֽץ: |
| was withheld (Heb. ‘yakar,’ dear.) And similarly, (Prov. 17:27) ‘y’kar ruach’ one whose breath is dear is an understanding man, meaning, one whose speech is withheld is an understanding man. |
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היה יקר
היה מנוע, וכן (משלי יז כז): יקר רוח איש תבונה, מנוע דברים, אדם מבין:
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| vision had not broken through Prophecy was not revealed (Jonathan). ‘Nifratz,’ an expression similar to ‘ufaratzta,’ and you shall spread westward and eastward (Gen. 28:14). |
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אין חזון נפרץ
(תרגום:) לית נבואה גליא. נפרץ - לשון (בראשית כח יד): ופרצת ימה וקדמה:
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| 2And it was on that day, that Eli was lying in his place, and his eyes had begun to grow dim; he could not see. |
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בוַֽיְהִי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וְעֵלִ֖י שֹׁכֵ֣ב בִּמְקוֹמ֑וֹ וְעֵינָיו֙ (כתיב וְעֵינָו֙) הֵחֵ֣לּוּ כֵה֔וֹת לֹ֥א יוּכַ֖ל לִרְאֽוֹת: |
| 3And the lamp of God had not yet gone out, and Samuel was lying down. In the Temple of the Lord, where the Ark of God was. |
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גוְנֵ֚ר אֱלֹהִים֙ טֶ֣רֶם יִכְבֶּ֔ה וּשְׁמוּאֵ֖ל שֹׁכֵ֑ב בְּהֵיכַ֣ל יְהֹוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֖ם אֲר֥וֹן אֱלֹהִֽים: |
| and Samuel was lying down In his place, in the court of the Levites who watch in the Temple. Jonathan paraphrases thus: And Samuel was lying in the court of the Levites… |
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ושמואל שוכב במקומו
בעזרת הלוים השומרים בית המקדש, וכן תרגם יונתן: ושמואל שכיב בעזרת לואי:
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| ..in the Temple of the Lord where the Ark of God was,… |
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בהיכל ה'
אשר שם ארון האלהים.
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| 4The Lord called to Samuel, and he said, "Here I am." |
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דוַיִּקְרָ֧א יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי: |
| The Lord called And a voice emanated from the Temple of God, from the Holy of Holies, which called, ‘Samuel!’ The end of the above verse is connected to the beginning of the following verse. This is what is inferred by the Scriptural verse (Job 37:5): The Lord thunders wondrously with His voice….Now, Eli was a priest, and was watching from within, while Samuel was lying without. Yet, the voice jumped over Eli to Samuel. Tractate Tamid. |
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ויקרא ה'
וקול יצא מהיכל ה' מבית קדשי הקדשים, שקרא שמואל, סוף המקרא העליון מחובר לראש המקרא התחתון, זהו שאמר הכתוב (איוב לז ה): ירעם אל בקולו נפלאות, עלי היה כהן ושומר מבפנים, ושמואל היה לוי ושוכב מבחוץ, וקפץ הקול דרך עלי לשמואל, במסכת תמיד:
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| 5And he ran to Eli, and said, "Here I am, for you have called me." And he said, "I did not call. Go back and lie down." And he went and lay down. |
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הוַיָּ֣רָץ אֶל־עֵלִ֗י וַיֹּ֚אמֶר הִנְּנִי֙ כִּֽי־קָרָ֣אתָ לִּ֔י וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לֹֽא־קָרָ֖אתִי שׁ֣וּב שְׁכָ֑ב וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁכָּֽב: |
| 6And the Lord continued to call again to Samuel, and Samuel arose, and went to Eli, and said, "Here I am, for you have called me.'' And he said, "I have not called, my son. Go back and lie down." |
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ווַיֹּ֣סֶף יְהֹוָ֗ה קְרֹ֣א עוֹד֘ שְׁמוּאֵל֒ וַיָּ֚קָם שְׁמוּאֵל֙ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ אֶל־עֵלִ֔י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הִנְנִ֔י כִּ֥י קָרָ֖אתָ לִ֑י וַיֹּ֛אמֶר לֹֽא־קָרָ֥אתִי בְנִ֖י שׁ֥וּב שְׁכָֽב: |
| 7Now, Samuel had not yet known the Lord, and the word of the Lord had not yet been revealed to him. |
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זוּשְׁמוּאֵ֕ל טֶ֖רֶם יָדַ֣ע אֶת־יְהֹוָ֑ה וְטֶ֛רֶם יִגָּלֶ֥ה אֵלָ֖יו דְּבַר־יְהֹוָֽה: |
| had not yet known the Lord (Heb. ‘terem,’) i.e., he had not yet recognized the nature of the prophetic voice. Every ‘terem’ in the Scriptures is an expression of ‘not yet,’ and is not an expression of ‘before.’ This instance proves this supposition. Furthermore, the passage: “That you do not yet fear” (Exod. 9:30), is more explicit than this. Also, “No shrub of the field was yet on the earth” (Gen. 2:5). |
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טרם ידע את ה'
עדיין לא היה מכיר ענין קול נבואה, כל 'טרם' שבמקרא, לשון 'עדיין לא', כתרגומו: 'עד לא', ואינו לשון 'לפני', וזה יוכיח, ועוד, (שמות ט ל): כי טרם תיראון, מפורש ממנו, וכן (בראשית ב ה): כל שיח השדה טרם יהיה בארץ:
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| 8And the Lord continued to call Samuel for the third time; and he arose and went to Eli, and said, "Here I am, for you called me." And Eli understood that that the Lord was calling the youth. |
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חוַיֹּ֨סֶף יְהֹוָ֥ה קְרֹא־שְׁמוּאֵל֘ בַּשְּׁלִישִׁת֒ וַיָּ֙קָם֙ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ אֶל־עֵלִ֔י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הִנְנִ֔י כִּ֥י קָרָ֖אתָ לִ֑י וַיָּ֣בֶן עֵלִ֔י כִּ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה קֹרֵ֥א לַנָּֽעַר: |
| 9And Eli said to Samuel, "Go, lie down. And it shall be, if He will call you, that you shall say, 'Speak, O Lord, for Your bondsman is listening.' " And Samuel went and lay down in his place. |
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טוַיֹּ֨אמֶר עֵלִ֣י לִשְׁמוּאֵל֘ לֵ֣ךְ שְׁכָב֒ וְהָיָה֙ אִם־יִקְרָ֣א אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ דַּבֵּ֣ר יְהֹוָ֔ה כִּ֥י שֹׁמֵ֖עַ עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב בִּמְקוֹמֽוֹ: |
| 10And the Lord came and stood, and He called as at the other times, "Samuel! Samuel!" And Samuel said, "Speak, for Your bondsman is listening." |
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יוַיָּבֹ֚א יְהֹוָה֙ וַיִּתְיַצַּ֔ב וַיִּקְרָ֥א כְפַֽעַם־בְּפַ֖עַם שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל | שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֚אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל֙ דַּבֵּ֔ר כִּ֥י שֹׁמֵ֖עַ עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ: |
| and Samuel said, “Speak,…” He did not mention the Name of the Deity as Eli had commanded him, for he said (to himself), “Perhaps it is another voice.” |
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ויאמר שמואל דבר
ולא הזכיר שם מקום כמו שציוהו עלי, אמר שמא קול אחר הוא:
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| 11And the Lord said to Samuel, "Behold, I am about to do something in Israel, about which the two ears of everyone who hears it, will tingle. |
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יאוַיֹּ֚אמֶר יְהֹוָה֙ אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל הִנֵּ֧ה אָנֹכִ֛י עֹשֶֹ֥ה דָבָ֖ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲשֶׁר֙ כָּל־שֹׁ֣מְע֔וֹ תְּצִלֶּ֖ינָה שְׁתֵּ֥י אָזְנָֽיו: |
| I am about to do something This is the capture of the Ark by the Philistines. |
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עושה דבר
היא לקיחת הארון ביד פלשתים:
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| will tingle (Heb. ‘t’zillenah,’) an expression similar to ‘zelz’lim,’ cymbals, retentir, in French, to resound, ring. |
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תצלינה
לשון צלצלים, טנטיני"ר בלע"ז:
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| 12On that day, I shall execute against Eli all that I have spoken concerning his household, beginning and ending. |
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יבבַּיּ֚וֹם הַהוּא֙ אָקִ֣ים אֶל־עֵלִ֔י אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ הָחֵ֖ל וְכַלֵּֽה: |
| beginning and ending On that day, My decree upon Eli’s house will commence (to be fulfilled), for Hophni and Phinehas shall die and from then on, I shall finish My decree and complete it upon them from generation to generation, to cause them to die (as young) men of eighteen years. |
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החל וכלה
אותו היום תתחיל גזירתי על בית עלי, שימותו חפני ופנחס, ומכאן ואילך אכלה גזירתי ואשלימה עליהם מדור אל דור, להמיתם אנשים בני שמנה עשרה שנה:
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| beginning and ending Commencant et accomplissant, in French. |
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החל וכלה
אקומיינצ"ט אאישפליימנ"ט בלע"ז:
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| 13And I have told him that I am about to execute judgment upon his household forever, for the iniquity (of the matter) that he knew that his sons were bringing disgrace upon themselves, and he did not rebuke them. |
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יגוְהִגַּ֣דְתִּי ל֔וֹ כִּֽי־שֹׁפֵ֥ט אֲנִ֛י אֶת־בֵּית֖וֹ עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם בַּעֲוֹ֣ן אֲשֶׁר־יָדַ֗ע כִּֽי־מְקַֽלְלִ֚ים לָהֶם֙ בָּנָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א כִהָ֖ה בָּֽם: |
| that his sons are bringing disgrace upon themselves (Lit. disgrace or despise themselves.) It should properly state “despise Me,” but the Scripture euphemized. |
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כי מקללים להם בניו
מקללים 'לי' היה לו לומר, אלא שכנה הכתוב:
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| disgrace or despise (Heb. ‘m’kall’lim’ usually rendered ‘curse’) and likewise, every curse is an expression of irreverence and disgrace. |
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מקללים
מקילים, וכן כל קללה, לשון קלות ובזיון הוא:
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| and he did not rebuke them And he did not darken them; i.e., he did not darken their faces by removing them from their high office. |
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ולא כהה
לא הכהה פניהם להעבירם מגדולתן:
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| 14And, therefore, I have sworn to the house of Eli, that the iniquity of the house of Eli shall not be purged by sacrifice or by offering forever." |
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ידוְלָכֵ֥ן נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי לְבֵ֣ית עֵלִ֑י אִֽם־יִתְכַּפֵּ֞ר עֲוֹ֧ן בֵּית־עֵלִ֛י בְּזֶ֥בַח וּבְמִנְחָ֖ה עַד־עוֹלָֽם: |
| 15And Samuel lay down until the morning, and he opened the doors of the House of the Lord. And Samuel was afraid to relate the vision to Eli. |
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טווַיִּשְׁכַּ֚ב שְׁמוּאֵל֙ עַד־הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיִּפְתַּ֖ח אֶת־דַּלְת֣וֹת בֵּית־יְהֹוָ֑ה וּשְׁמוּאֵ֣ל יָרֵ֔א מֵהַגִּ֥יד אֶת־הַמַּרְאָ֖ה אֶל־עֵלִֽי: |
| 16And Eli called Samuel, and said, "Samuel, my son!" And he said, "Here I am." |
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טזוַיִּקְרָ֚א עֵלִי֙ אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֖אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל בְּנִ֑י וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי: |
| 17And he said, "What is the thing which He spoke to you? Do not conceal from me now. So shall God do to you, and so shall He continue, if you conceal from me anything of the whole matter which He spoke to you." |
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יזוַיֹּ֗אמֶר מָ֚ה הַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֣ר אֵלֶ֔יךָ אַל־נָ֥א תְכַחֵ֖ד מִמֶּ֑נִּי כֹּ֣ה יַעֲשֶׂה־לְּךָ֚ אֱלֹהִים֙ וְכֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֔יף אִם־תְּכַחֵ֚ד מִמֶּ֙נִּי֙ דָּבָ֔ר מִכָּל־הַדָּבָ֖ר אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר אֵלֶֽיךָ: |
| So shall God do to you like that very curse, that you shall not have worthy children. And that (curse actually) befell him (Infra 7:3), even though he told him (Eli). |
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כה יעשה לך
כאותה קללה עצמה, שלא יהיה לך בנים הגונים, וכן עלתה בו, ואף על פי שהגיד לו:
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| 18And Samuel told him all the things and did not conceal from him. And he said, "He is the Lord. May He do what is good in His eyes." |
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יחוַיַּגֶּד־ל֚וֹ שְׁמוּאֵל֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א כִחֵ֖ד מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וַיֹאמַ֕ר יְהֹוָ֣ה ה֔וּא הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינָ֖ו יַעֲשֶֹֽה: |
| and did not conceal (Deducing) from here, (our Sages) stated: A curse of a wise man, even though pronounced on condition, will be realized. |
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ולא כחד
מכאן אמרו (מכות יא א): קללת חכם אפילו על תנאי היא באה:
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| He is the Lord he is Master, and everything belongs to Him. |
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ה' הוא
אדון הוא, והכל שלו:
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| 19And Samuel grew up, and the Lord was with him, and did not let any of his words fall to the ground. |
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יטוַיִּגְדַּ֖ל שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַֽיהֹוָה֙ הָיָ֣ה עִמּ֔וֹ וְלֹֽא־הִפִּ֥יל מִכָּל־דְּבָרָ֖יו אָֽרְצָה: |
| 20And all Israel from Dan to Beer Sheba, knew that Samuel was established as a prophet to the Lord. |
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כוַיֵּ֙דַע֙ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִדָּ֖ן וְעַד־בְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע ֤כִּי נֶאֱמָ֣ן שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל לְנָבִ֖יא לַיהֹוָֽה: |
| 21And the Lord continued to appear in Shiloh, for the Lord revealed Himself to Samuel in Shiloh with the word of the Lord. |
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כאוַיֹּ֥סֶף יְהֹוָ֖ה לְהֵרָאֹ֣ה בְשִׁלֹ֑ה כִּֽי־נִגְלָ֨ה יְהֹוָ֧ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל בְּשִׁל֖וֹ בִּדְבַ֥ר יְהֹוָֽה: |
| for the Lord revealed Himself to Samuel Since the Scripture stated above (2:1) “and the word of the Lord was withheld in those days,” he states here that from now on, for Samuel’s sake, He revealed Himself repeatedly. |
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כי נגלה ה' אל שמואל
לפי שאמר למעלה ודבר ה' היה יקר בימים ההם, אמר כאן כי מעתה בשביל שמואל, נגלה ושנה והרגיל להגלות:
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