| 1And the Lord sent Nathan to David. And he came to him and said to him: "There were two men in one city, one rich, and one poor. |
|
אוַיִּשְׁלַ֧ח יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶת־נָתָ֖ן אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד וַיָּבֹ֣א אֵלָ֗יו וַיֹּ֚אמֶר לוֹ֙ שְׁנֵ֣י אֲנָשִׁ֗ים הָיוּ֙ בְּעִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת אֶחָ֥ד עָשִׁ֖יר וְאֶחָ֥ד רָֽאשׁ: |
| 2The rich man had very many flocks and herds. |
|
בלְעָשִׁ֗יר הָיָ֛ה צֹ֥אן וּבָקָ֖ר הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד: |
| 3But the poor man had nothing, save one little ewe lamb which he had bought and reared; and it grew up together with him and his sons; of his bread it would eat, and from his cup it would drink, and in his bosom it would lie, and it was to him like a daughter. |
|
גוְלָרָ֣שׁ אֵֽין־כֹּ֗ל כִּי֩ אִם־כִּבְשָֹ֨ה אַחַ֚ת קְטַנָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר קָנָ֔ה וַיְחַיֶּ֕הָ וַתִּגְדַּ֥ל עִמּ֛וֹ וְעִם־בָּנָ֖יו יַחְדָּ֑ו מִפִּתּ֨וֹ תֹאכַ֜ל וּמִכֹּס֚וֹ תִשְׁתֶּה֙ וּבְחֵיק֣וֹ תִשְׁכָּ֔ב וַתְּהִי־ל֖וֹ כְּבַֽת: |
| 4And there came a wayfarer to the rich man, and he spared to take of his own flock and of his own herd to prepare for the guest that had come to him, and he took the poor man's lamb, and prepared it for the man that had come to him." |
|
דוַיָּ֣בֹא הֵלֶךְ֘ לְאִ֣ישׁ הֶֽעָשִׁיר֒ וַיַּחְמֹ֗ל לָקַ֚חַת מִצֹּאנוֹ֙ וּמִבְּקָר֔וֹ לַעֲשֹ֕וֹת לָאֹרֵ֖חַ הַבָּא־ל֑וֹ וַיִּקַּ֗ח אֶת־כִּבְשַׂת֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הָרָ֔אשׁ וַֽיַּעֲשֶֹ֔הָ לָאִ֖ישׁ הַבָּ֥א אֵלָֽיו: |
| wayfarer. The evil inclination is first compared to a traveler who stops by on his way, then to a guest who lodges, and finally to a man, who is master of the household. |
|
ויבא הלך.
דימה את יצר הרע תחלה להלך, שעובר לדרכו, ואחר כך לאורח, שנעשה אכסנאי, ואחר כך לאיש, שהוא בעל הבית:
|
| 5And David became very angry at the man; and he said to Nathan: "As the Lord lives, the man who has done this is liable to death. |
|
הוַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף דָּוִ֛ד בָּאִ֖ישׁ מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־נָתָ֔ן חַי־יְהֹוָ֕ה כִּ֣י בֶן־מָ֔וֶת הָאִ֖ישׁ הָעֹשֶֹ֥ה זֹֽאת: |
| liable to death. One who robs the poor is as if he takes his life, for it is written: “the life of the owners he [the thief] takes” (Prov. 1:19). |
|
כי בן מות.
הגוזל את העני, כאלו נוטל את נפשו, שנאמר (משלי א יט): את נפש בעליו יקח:
|
| 6And the ewe lamb he shall repay fourfold, because he did this thing, and because he had no pity." |
|
ווְאֶת־הַכִּבְשָֹ֖ה יְשַׁלֵּ֣ם אַרְבַּעְתָּ֑יִם עֵ֗קֶב אֲשֶׁ֚ר עָשָׂה֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה וְעַ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־חָמָֽל: |
| he shall repay fourfold. This [actually] happened to him, that he was smitten through four children; the child (born to Bathsheba See v. 18.), Amnon (below 13:19), Tamar (below 13:14), and Absalom (below 18:15). |
|
ישלם ארבעתים.
כך אירע לו, שלקה בארבעה בנים, הילד ואמנון תמר ואבשלום:
|
| 7And Nathan said to David, "You are the man. So says the Lord the God of Israel: 'I anointed you as king over Israel, and I delivered you from the hand of Saul. |
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זוַיֹּ֧אמֶר נָתָ֛ן אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד אַתָּ֣ה הָאִ֑ישׁ כֹּה־אָמַ֨ר יְהֹוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָנֹכִ֞י מְשַׁחְתִּ֚יךָֽ לְמֶ֙לֶךְ֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָנֹכִ֥י הִצַּלְתִּ֖יךָ מִיַּ֥ד שָׁאֽוּל: |
| 8And I gave you the house of your master and your master's wives in your midst, and I gave you the house of Israel and of Judah; and if that were too little, then would I add unto you like them and like them. |
|
חוָאֶתְּנָ֨ה לְךָ֜ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית אֲדֹנֶ֗יךָ וְאֶת־נְשֵׁ֚י אֲדֹנֶ֙יךָ֙ בְּחֵיקֶ֔ךָ וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה לְךָ֔ אֶת־בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וִֽיהוּדָ֑ה וְאִ֨ם־מְעָ֔ט וְאֹסִ֥פָה לְּךָ֖ כָּהֵ֥נָּה וְכָהֵֽנָּה: |
| and your master’s wives. Michal the daughter of Saul. |
|
ואת נשי אדוניך.
מיכל בת שאול:
|
| I add. I would add for you. |
|
ואסיפה.
והייתי מוסיף לך:
|
| 9Why have you despised the word of the Lord, to do what is evil in His eyes? You have smitten Uriah the Hittite with the sword and you have taken his wife for yourself as a wife, and you have slain him with the sword of the children of Ammon. |
|
טמַדּ֜וּעַ בָּזִ֣יתָ | אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֗ה לַעֲשֹ֣וֹת הָרַע֘ בְּעֵינַי֒ (כתיב בְּעֵינַו֒) אֵ֣ת אוּרִיָּ֚ה הַֽחִתִּי֙ הִכִּ֣יתָ בַּחֶ֔רֶב וְאֶ֨ת־אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ לָקַ֥חְתָּ לְּךָ֖ לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וְאֹת֣וֹ הָרַ֔גְתָּ בְּחֶ֖רֶב בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן: |
| 10And now, the sword shall never depart from your household for ever because you have despised Me and you have taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your wife. |
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יוְעַתָּ֗ה לֹא־תָס֥וּר חֶ֛רֶב מִבֵּיתְךָ֖ עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם עֵ֚קֶב כִּ֣י בְזִתָ֔נִי וַתִּקַּ֗ח אֶת־אֵ֙שֶׁת֙ אוּרִיָּ֣ה הַחִתִּ֔י לִהְי֥וֹת לְךָ֖ לְאִשָּֽׁה: |
| 11So says the Lord: "Behold I will raise up against you evil out of your own house, and I will take your wives before your eyes and I will give them to your friend, and he will lie with your wives in the sight of this sun. |
|
יאכֹּ֣ה | אָמַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֗ה הִנְנִי֩ מֵקִ֨ים עָלֶ֚יךָ רָעָה֙ מִבֵּיתֶ֔ךָ וְלָקַחְתִּ֚י אֶת־נָשֶׁ֙יךָ֙ לְעֵינֶ֔יךָ וְנָתַתִּ֖י לְרֵעֶ֑יךָ וְשָׁכַב֙ עִם־נָשֶׁ֔יךָ לְעֵינֵ֖י הַשֶּׁ֥מֶשׁ הַזֹּֽאת: |
| 12For you have acted in secrecy, but I will do this thing before all Israel and before the sun." |
|
יבכִּ֥י אַתָּ֖ה עָשִֹ֣יתָ בַסָּ֑תֶר וַאֲנִ֗י אֶעֱשֶׂה֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה נֶ֥גֶד כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְנֶ֥גֶד הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ: |
| 13And David said to Nathan: "I have sinned against the Lord." And Nathan said to David, "Also the Lord has removed your sin; you shall not die. |
|
יגוַיֹּ֚אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־נָתָ֔ן חָטָ֖אתִי לַֽיהֹוָ֑ה וַיֹּ֨אמֶר נָתָ֜ן אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד גַּם־יְהֹוָ֛ה הֶעֱבִ֥יר חַטָּאתְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תָמֽוּת: |
| 14Nevertheless, because you have greatly blasphemed the enemies of the Lord by this thing, the child also that is born to you shall surely die." |
|
ידאֶ֗פֶס כִּֽי־נִאֵ֚ץ נִאַ֙צְתָּ֙ אֶת־אֹיְבֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֔ה בַּדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה גַּ֗ם הַבֵּ֛ן הַיִּלּ֥וֹד לְךָ֖ מ֥וֹת יָמֽוּת: |
| the enemies of the Lord. This is a euphemism for ‘the Above.’ Now Jonathan translates it as: Because you have opened the mouths of the enemies of God’s nation. |
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כי נאץ נאצת את אויבי.
כנוי הוא זה, דרך כבוד למעלה ויונתן תרגם: ארי מיפתח פתחתא פומא דסנאי עמא דה':
|
| 15And Nathan departed to his house. And the Lord struck the child that Uriah's wife bore to David, and it became mortally ill. |
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טווַיֵּ֥לֶךְ נָתָ֖ן אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ וַיִּגֹּ֣ף יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־הַיֶּ֜לֶד אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָלְדָ֧ה אֵֽשֶׁת־אוּרִיָּ֛ה לְדָוִ֖ד וַיֵּאָנַֽשׁ: |
| became mortally ill. Heb. ויאנש, an expression of sickness. |
|
ויאנש.
לשון חולי:
|
| 16And David besought God on behalf of the child; and David fasted a fast, and he came in and slept lying on the ground. |
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טזוַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁ דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּעַ֣ד הַנָּ֑עַר וַיָּ֚צָם דָּוִד֙ צ֔וֹם וּבָ֥א וְלָ֖ן וְשָׁכַ֥ב אָֽרְצָה: |
| and he came in and slept lying on the ground. and he came into the house and slept the night lying on the ground. |
|
ובא ולן ושכב ארצה.
ובא הבית, ולן בלילה שוכב לארץ:
|
| 17And the elders of his house stood over him to raise him up from the ground; but he would not; neither did he eat bread with them. |
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יזוַיָּקֻ֜מוּ זִקְנֵ֚י בֵיתוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו לַהֲקִימ֖וֹ מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלֹ֣א אָבָ֔ה וְלֹֽא־בָרָ֥ה אִתָּ֖ם לָֽחֶם: |
| he did not eat. Heb. ברה. A synonym for eating similar to: “that I may eat from her hand” (Heb. ואברה מידה, below 13:6). |
|
ולא ברה.
לשון אכילה, כמו (לקמן יג ו): ואברה מידה:
|
| 18And it came to pass on the seventh day, that the child died. And the servants of David feared to tell him that the child was dead; for they said, "Behold, while the child was yet alive we spoke to him and he did not hearken to our voices; how then shall we tell him that the child is dead, so that he do [himself] harm?" |
|
יחוַיְהִ֛י בַּיּ֥וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖י וַיָּ֣מָת הַיָּ֑לֶד וַיִּֽרְאוּ֩ עַבְדֵ֨י דָוִ֜ד לְהַגִּ֥יד ל֣וֹ | כִּי־מֵ֣ת הַיֶּ֗לֶד כִּ֚י אָֽמְרוּ֙ הִנֵּה֩ בִהְי֨וֹת הַיֶּ֜לֶד חַ֗י דִּבַּ֚רְנוּ אֵלָיו֙ וְלֹא־שָׁמַ֣ע בְּקוֹלֵ֔נוּ וְאֵ֨יךְ נֹאמַ֥ר אֵלָ֛יו מֵ֥ת הַיֶּ֖לֶד וְעָשָֹ֥ה רָעָֽה: |
| 19And David saw that his servants were whispering and he understood that the child was dead; and David said to his servants, "Is the child dead?" And they said "[He is] dead." |
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יטוַיַּ֣רְא דָּוִ֗ד כִּ֚י עֲבָדָיו֙ מִֽתְלַחֲשִׁ֔ים וַיָּ֥בֶן דָּוִ֖ד כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת הַיָּ֑לֶד וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֧ד אֶל־עֲבָדָ֛יו הֲמֵ֥ת הַיֶּ֖לֶד וַיֹּ֥אמְרוּ מֵֽת: |
| 20And David got up from the ground, and washed, and anointed himself, and changed his clothes; and he came to the House of the Lord and kneeled; and he came to his house, and he asked and they set bread before him, and he ate. |
|
כוַיָּקָם֩ דָּוִ֨ד מֵהָאָ֜רֶץ וַיִּרְחַ֣ץ וַיָּ֗סֶךְ וַיְחַלֵּף֙ שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו (כתיב שִׂמְלֹתָ֔ו) וַיָּבֹ֥א בֵית־יְהֹוָ֖ה וַיִּשְׁתָּ֑חוּ וַיָּבֹא֙ אֶל־בֵּית֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁאַ֕ל וַיָּשִֹ֥ימוּ ל֛וֹ לֶ֖חֶם וַיֹּאכַֽל: |
| 21And his servants said to him: "What is this thing that you have done? For the live child you fasted and wept, but when the child died, you got up and ate bread?" |
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כאוַיֹּאמְר֚וּ עֲבָדָיו֙ אֵלָ֔יו מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִֹ֑יתָה בַּעֲב֞וּר הַיֶּ֚לֶד חַי֙ צַ֣מְתָּ וַתֵּ֔בְךְּ וְכַֽאֲשֶׁר֙ מֵ֣ת הַיֶּ֔לֶד קַ֖מְתָּ וַתֹּ֥אכַל לָֽחֶם: |
| 22And he said, "While the child was yet alive, I fasted and wept, for I said, 'Who knows? Perhaps the Lord will be gracious to me, and the child will live. |
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כבוַיֹּ֕אמֶר בְּעוֹד֙ הַיֶּ֣לֶד חַ֔י צַ֖מְתִּי וָֽאֶבְכֶּ֑ה כִּ֚י אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ מִ֣י יוֹדֵ֔עַ וְחַנַּ֥נִי (כתיב יְחַנַּ֥נִי) יְהֹוָ֖ה וְחַ֥י הַיָּֽלֶד: |
| 23But now [that] he is dead, why should I fast? Can I bring him back again? I shall go to him, but he will not return to me." |
|
כגוְעַתָּ֣ה | מֵ֗ת לָ֚מָּה זֶּה֙ אֲנִ֣י צָ֔ם הַאוּכַ֥ל לַהֲשִׁיב֖וֹ ע֑וֹד אֲנִי֙ הֹלֵ֣ךְ אֵלָ֔יו וְה֖וּא לֹֽא־יָשׁ֥וּב אֵלָֽי: |
| 24And David comforted Bath-sheba his wife, and he came to her, and he lay with her: and she bore a son, and she called his name Solomon; and the Lord loved him. |
|
כדוַיְנַחֵ֣ם דָּוִ֗ד אֵ֚ת בַּת־שֶׁ֣בַע אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֥א אֵלֶ֖יהָ וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב עִמָּ֑הּ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֗ן וַתִּקְרָ֚א (כתיב וַיִּקְרָ֚א) אֶת־שְׁמוֹ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וַיהֹוָ֖ה אֲהֵבֽוֹ: |
| 25And He sent by the hand of Nathan the prophet, and he called his name Yedidiah for the Lord's sake. |
|
כהוַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח בְּיַד֙ נָתָ֣ן הַנָּבִ֔יא וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ יְדִ֣ידְיָ֑ה בַּעֲב֖וּר יְהֹוָֽה: |
| for the Lord’s sake. who loved him. |
|
בעבור ה'.
אשר אהבו:
|
| 26And Joab fought against Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and captured the royal city. |
|
כווַיִּלָּ֣חֶם יוֹאָ֔ב בְּרַבַּ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן וַיִּלְכֹּ֖ד אֶת־עִ֥יר הַמְּלוּכָֽה: |
| the royal city. there were two wall supports in it, an outer and an inner one. The outer one was the royal city, and the inner one was for fortification and support. |
|
את עיר המלוכה.
שני חיזוקי חומה היו בה, חיצונה ופנימית, עיר החיצונה, עיר מלוכה, והפנימית, למבצר ולחוזק:
|
| 27And Joab sent messengers to David and said "I have fought against Rabbah, I have also captured the city of waters. |
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כזוַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח יוֹאָ֛ב מַלְאָכִ֖ים אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ נִלְחַ֣מְתִּי בְרַבָּ֔ה גַּם־לָכַ֖דְתִּי אֶת־עִ֥יר הַמָּֽיִם: |
| 28And now gather the rest of the people, and encamp against the city and capture it, lest I capture the city, and my name be called upon it." |
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כחוְעַתָּ֗ה אֱסֹף֙ אֶת־יֶ֣תֶר הָעָ֔ם וַחֲנֵ֥ה עַל־הָעִ֖יר וְלָכְדָ֑הּ פֶּן־אֶלְכֹּ֚ד אֲנִי֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְנִקְרָ֥א שְׁמִ֖י עָלֶֽיהָ: |
| 29And David gathered all the people, and he went to Rabbah, and fought against it, and captured it. |
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כטוַיֶּאֱסֹ֥ף דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֖ם וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ רַבָּ֑תָה וַיִּלָּ֥חֶם בָּ֖הּ וַֽיִּלְכְּדָֽהּ: |
| 30And he took the crown of Malkam off his head; and its weight was a talent of gold, and [in it was] a precious stone; and it was [set] on David's head. And the spoil of the city he brought forth in great abundance. |
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לוַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־עֲטֶֽרֶת־מַלְכָּם֩ מֵעַ֨ל רֹאשׁ֜וֹ וּמִשְׁקָלָ֨הּ כִּכַּ֚ר זָהָב֙ וְאֶ֣בֶן יְקָרָ֔ה וַתְּהִ֖י עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ דָּוִ֑ד וּשְׁלַ֥ל הָעִ֛יר הוֹצִ֖יא הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד: |
| and the crown of Malkam. the name of the abomination of the sons of Ammon was Malkam from [the name] Molech. |
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את עטרת מלכם.
תועבת בני עמון 'מלכם' שמו, לשון מולך:
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| and it was set on David’s head. Ittai the Gittite renounced it. |
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ותהי על ראש דוד.
אתי הגתי בטלה (עבודה זרה מד א):
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| 31And the people that were therein he brought forth and he put them under saws, and under harrows of iron, and under axes of iron, and he made them pass through the brick kiln; and so he did to all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem. |
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לאוְאֶת־הָעָ֨ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֜הּ הוֹצִ֗יא וַיָּ֣שֶׂם בַּ֠מְּגֵרָה וּבַחֲרִצֵ֨י הַבַּרְזֶ֜ל וּֽבְמַגְזְרֹ֣ת הַבַּרְזֶ֗ל וְהֶעֱבִ֚יר אוֹתָם֙ בַּמַּלְבֵּ֔ן (כתיב בַּמַּלְכֵּ֔ן) וְכֵ֣ן יַעֲשֶֹ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל עָרֵ֣י בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֑וֹן וַיָּ֧שָׁב דָּוִ֛ד וְכָל־הָעָ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלָֽםִ: |
| saws, and under harrows of iron. It is grooved with numerous indentations and is called lime [in French]. They are types of tortures. |
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מגרה וחריצים ומגזרות.
כמין פצירה פים שקורין לימ"א, מיני יסורים הם:
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| saws. A knife indented with numerous consecutive nicks. |
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מגרה.
סכין פגום פגימות הרבה תכופות זו לזו:
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| harrows. A threshing sledge. It is grooved with numerous indentations and is called lime [in French]. |
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חריצים.
הוא מורג חרוץ מלא חריצים, כמין פצירה פים שקורין לימ"א:
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| brick kiln. in the mud of the streets. And so did I translate it: and they dragged them in the streets. |
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במלבן.
בטיט חוצות, וכן תרגם יונתן: וגרר יתהון בשוקיא.
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