| 1And it was in those days, when there was no king in Israel, that there was a Levite man dwelling by the edge of the mountain of Ephraim, who took for himself a concubine from Beth- lehem to Judah. |
|
אוַיְהִי֙ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם וּמֶ֖לֶךְ אֵ֣ין בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְהִ֣י | אִ֣ישׁ לֵוִ֗י גָּ֚ר בְּיַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַר־אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַיִּֽקַּֽח־לוֹ֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה פִילֶ֔גֶשׁ מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָֽה: |
| 2And his concubine turned away from him, and went from him to her father's house, to Beth-lehem of Judah. And she was there for a period, (of) four months. |
|
בוַתִּזְנֶ֚ה עָלָיו֙ פִּֽילַגְשׁ֔וֹ וַתֵּ֚לֶךְ מֵֽאִתּוֹ֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יהָ אֶל־בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָ֑ה וַתְּהִי־שָׁ֕ם יָמִ֖ים אַרְבָּעָ֥ה חֳדָשִֽׁים: |
| And his concubine turned away from him. She turned from his house to the outside. Every expression of זְנוּת implies going out (rendered נפקת ברא), e.g., departing from her husband to love others. |
|
ותזנה עליו פילגשו.
זנתה מביתו אל החוץ כל לשון זנות אינו אלא לשון 'יוצאת' (תרגום אונקלוס בראשית לד לא): נפקת ברא, יוצאת מבעלה לאהוב את אחרים:
|
| 3And her husband arose and went after her, to persuade her to return, and his servant was with him, and a team of donkeys. And she brought him into her father's house, and (when) the father of the girl saw him, he rejoiced to meet him. |
|
גוַיָּ֨קָם אִישָׁ֜הּ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ אַחֲרֶ֗יהָ לְדַבֵּ֚ר עַל־לִבָּהּ֙ לַהֲשִׁיבָ֔הּ (כתיב לַהֲשִׁיבָ֔ו) וְנַעֲר֥וֹ עִמּ֖וֹ וְצֶ֣מֶד חֲמֹרִ֑ים וַתְּבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יהָ וַיִּרְאֵ֙הוּ֙ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה וַיִּשְׂמַ֖ח לִקְרָאתֽוֹ: |
| 4And his father-in-law, the girl's father, kept him, and he abode with him for three days. And they ate and drank and lodged there. |
|
דוַיֶּחֱזַק־בּ֚וֹ חֹֽתְנוֹ֙ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אִתּ֖וֹ שְׁל֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים וַיֹּאכְלוּ֙ וַיִּשְׁתּ֔וּ וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ שָֽׁם: |
| 5And it was on the fourth day, that they arose early in the morning, and he rose up to depart. And the girl's father said to his son-in-law, "Refresh yourself with a morsel of bread, and afterward you shall depart." |
|
הוַֽיְהִי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הָרְבִיעִ֔י וַיַּשְׁכִּ֥ימוּ בַבֹּ֖קֶר וַיָּ֣קָם לָלֶ֑כֶת וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אֲבִ֨י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֜ה אֶל־חֲתָנ֗וֹ סְעָ֧ד לִבְּךָ֛ פַּת־לֶ֖חֶם וְאַחַ֥ר תֵּלֵֽכוּ: |
| 6And they sat down and both of them ate together, and they drank. And the girl's father said to the man, "Accept now and lodge, and let your heart be content." |
|
ווַיֵּשְׁב֗וּ וַיֹּאכְל֧וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֛ם יַחְדָּ֖ו וַיִּשְׁתּ֑וּ וַיֹּ֜אמֶר אֲבִ֚י הַֽנַּעֲרָה֙ אֶל־הָאִ֔ישׁ הֽוֹאֶל־נָ֥א וְלִ֖ין וְיִטַ֥ב לִבֶּֽךָ: |
| Accept now and lodge. Overnight. |
|
הואל נא ולין.
הלילה:
|
| 7And the man rose up to depart; but his father-in-law urged him, and he returned and lodged there. |
|
זוַיָּ֥קָם הָאִ֖ישׁ לָלֶ֑כֶת וַיִּפְצַר־בּוֹ֙ חֹתְנ֔וֹ וַיָּ֖שָׁב וַיָּ֥לֶן שָֽׁם: |
| 8And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart, and the girl's father said, "Refresh yourselves now," and they tarried until the day declined, and they both ate. |
|
חוַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם בַּבֹּ֜קֶר בַּיּ֣וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁי֘ לָלֶכֶת֒ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר | אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֗ה סְעָד־נָא֙ לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ וְהִֽתְמַהְמְה֖וּ עַד־נְט֣וֹת הַיּ֑וֹם וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם: |
| 9And the man rose up to depart, he, his concubine, and his servant. And his father-in-law, the girl's father, said to him, "Behold, now the day has weakened to set, lodge now, behold it is the resting (part) of the day, lodge here, and your heart will be content, and you will arise early for your way, and go to your dwelling place." |
|
טוַיָּ֚קָם הָאִישׁ֙ לָלֶ֔כֶת ה֥וּא וּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹ וְנַעֲר֑וֹ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֣וֹ חֹתְנ֣וֹ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֡ה הִנֵּ֣ה נָא֩ רָפָ֨ה הַיּ֜וֹם לַעֲרֹ֗ב לִֽינוּ־נָ֞א הִנֵּ֨ה חֲנ֚וֹת הַיּוֹם֙ לִ֥ין פֹּה֙ וְיִיטַ֣ב לְבָבֶ֔ךָ וְהִשְׁכַּמְתֶּ֚ם מָחָר֙ לְדַרְכְּכֶ֔ם וְהָלַכְתָּ֖ לְאֹהָלֶֽךָ: |
| has weakened. I.e., the sun (has weakened) from its might and has declined to set. |
|
רפה.
השמש מגבורתו ונטה לערוב:
|
| it is the resting (part) of the day. It is the time that all wayfarers turn to rest indoors. |
|
הנה חנות היום.
עת שכל הולכי דרכים נוטים לחנות בבית:
|
| 10But the man did not want to lodge, and he arose and departed, and came over against Jebus, which was Jerusalem. And with him was a team of saddled donkeys, and his concubine was with him. |
|
יוְלֹֽא־אָבָ֚ה הָאִישׁ֙ לָל֔וּן וַיָּ֣קָם וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ וַיָּבֹא֙ עַד־נֹ֣כַח יְב֔וּס הִ֖יא יְרוּשָׁלָ֑םִ וְעִמּ֗וֹ צֶ֚מֶד חֲמוֹרִים֙ חֲבוּשִׁ֔ים וּפִילַגְשׁ֖וֹ עִמּֽוֹ: |
| 11They were near Jebus as the sun descended very much; and the servant said to his master, "Come now, and let us turn aside to this city of the Jebusites and lodge in it." |
|
יאהֵ֣ם עִם־יְב֔וּס וְהַיּ֖וֹם רַ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַנַּ֜עַר אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֗יו לְכָה־נָּ֛א וְנָס֛וּרָה אֶל־עִֽיר־הַיְבוּסִ֥י הַזֹּ֖את וְנָלִ֥ין בָּֽהּ: |
| 12And his master said to him, "We will not turn aside into (this) city of heathens, (nor to any other cities) that are not of the children of Israel, but we will journey up to Gibeah." |
|
יבוַיֹּ֚אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ אֲדֹנָ֔יו לֹ֚א נָסוּר֙ אֶל־עִ֣יר נָכְרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־מִבְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הֵ֑נָּה וְעָבַ֖רְנוּ עַד־גִּבְעָֽה: |
| but we will journey up to Gibeah. Of Benjamin. |
|
עד גבעה.
גבעת בנימן:
|
| 13And he said to his servant, "Come and let us approach to one of these places; and we will lodge in Gibeah or in Ramoh." |
|
יגוַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְנַעֲר֔וֹ לְךָ֥ וְנִקְרְבָ֖ה בְּאַחַ֣ד הַמְּקֹמ֑וֹת וְלַ֥נּוּ בַגִּבְעָ֖ה א֥וֹ בָרָמָֽה: |
| and we will lodge. Heb. וְלַנּוּ. To be understood as וְלַנְנוּ, since the “dagesh” of the “nun” replaces the appropriate second “nun”. |
|
ולנו.
כמו ולננו, דגשות הנו"ן במקום נו"ן שניה:
|
| 14And they passed on and went. And the sun set upon them near Gibeah which belonged to Benjamin. |
|
ידוַיַּעַבְר֖וּ וַיֵּלֵ֑כוּ וַתָּבֹ֚א לָהֶם֙ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ אֵ֥צֶל הַגִּבְעָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְבִנְיָמִֽן: |
| 15And they turned aside there to come and lodge in Gibeah. And he came and sat in the thoroughfare of the city, but no one brought them home to lodge. |
|
טווַיָּסֻ֣רוּ שָׁ֔ם לָב֖וֹא לָל֣וּן בַּגִּבְעָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֗א וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בִּרְח֣וֹב הָעִ֔יר וְאֵ֥ין אִ֛ישׁ מְאַסֵּֽף־אוֹתָ֥ם הַבַּ֖יְתָה לָלֽוּן: |
| 16And behold, an old man came from his work out of the field at evening, and the man was from the mountain of Ephraim, and he resided in Gibeah; but the people of the area were Benjamites. |
|
טזוְהִנֵּ֣ה | אִ֣ישׁ זָקֵ֗ן בָּ֣א מִֽן־מַעֲשֵֹ֚הוּ מִן־הַשָּׂדֶה֙ בָּעֶ֔רֶב וְהָאִישׁ֙ מֵהַ֣ר אֶפְרַ֔יִם וְהוּא־גָ֖ר בַּגִּבְעָ֑ה וְאַנְשֵׁ֥י הַמָּק֖וֹם בְּנֵ֥י יְמִינִֽי: |
| 17And he raised his eyes, and saw the wayfaring man in the thoroughfare of the city; and the old man said, "Where are you going and from where do you come?" |
|
יזוַיִּשָּׂ֣א עֵינָ֗יו וַיַּ֛רְא אֶת־הָאִ֥ישׁ הָאֹרֵ֖חַ בִּרְחֹ֣ב הָעִ֑יר וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הָאִ֧ישׁ הַזָּקֵ֛ן אָ֥נָה תֵלֵ֖ךְ וּמֵאַ֥יִן תָּבֽוֹא: |
| 18And he said to him, "We are passing from Beth-lehem of Judah to the edge of the mountain of Ephraim, from there am I, and I went until Beth-lehem of Judah; and I am going to the House of the Lord, and no one takes me home. |
|
יחוַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו עֹבְרִ֨ים אֲנַ֜חְנוּ מִבֵּֽית־לֶ֣חֶם יְהוּדָה֘ עַד־יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַר־אֶפְרַיִם֒ מִשָּׁ֣ם אָנֹ֔כִי וָאֵלֵ֕ךְ עַד־בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָ֑ה וְאֶת־בֵּ֚ית יְהֹוָה֙ אֲנִ֣י הֹלֵ֔ךְ וְאֵ֣ין אִ֔ישׁ מְאַסֵּ֥ף אוֹתִ֖י הַבָּֽיְתָה: |
| and (I am going) to the House of the Lord. I am going to Shiloh (which was in Ephraim). |
|
ואת בית ה'.
לשילה אני הולך:
|
| 19And also there is straw and provender for our donkeys, and also bread and wine for myself, for your maidservant, and for the lad who is with your servants; there is no want of anything." |
|
יטוְגַם־תֶּ֚בֶן גַּם־מִסְפּוֹא֙ יֵ֣שׁ לַחֲמוֹרֵ֔ינוּ וְ֠גַם לֶ֣חֶם וָיַ֚יִן יֶשׁ־לִי֙ וְלַֽאֲמָתֶ֔ךָ וְלַנַּ֖עַר עִם־עֲבָדֶ֑יךָ אֵ֥ין מַחְס֖וֹר כָּל־דָּבָֽר: |
| 20And the old man said, "Peace be to you, just let all your needs be upon me, but do not lodge in the street." |
|
כוַיֹּ֨אמֶר הָאִ֚ישׁ הַזָּקֵן֙ שָׁל֣וֹם לָ֔ךְ רַ֥ק כָּל־מַחְסוֹרְךָ֖ עָלָ֑י רַ֥ק בָּרְח֖וֹב אַל־תָּלַֽן: |
| 21And he brought him into his house, and gave fodder to the donkeys, and they washed their feet, ate and drank. |
|
כאוַיְבִיאֵ֣הוּ לְבֵית֔וֹ וַיָּ֖בָל (כתיב וַיָּבָ֖ול) לַחֲמוֹרִ֑ים וַֽיִּרְחֲצוּ֙ רַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ וַיִּשְׁתּֽוּ: |
| and gave fodder to the donkeys. And he gave food (יְבוּל) to the donkeys. וַיָּבָל is aprovender in O.F. |
|
ויבל לחמורים.
ויתן יבול לחמורים, 'ויבל' אפרוונד"ר בלע"ז:
|
| 22As they were enjoying themselves, and behold, the men of the city, men of wickedness, surrounded the house, (and were) beating at the door. And they spoke to the man, the elderly master of the house, saying, "Bring out the man that came into your house, so that we may be intimate with him." |
|
כבהֵמָּה֘ מֵיטִיבִ֣ים אֶת־לִבָּם֒ וְהִנֵּה֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הָעִ֜יר אַנְשֵׁ֣י בְנֵֽי־בְלִיַּ֗עַל נָסַ֙בּוּ֙ אֶת־הַבַּ֔יִת מִֽתְדַּפְּקִ֖ים עַל־הַדָּ֑לֶת וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ אֶל־הָ֠אִישׁ בַּ֣עַל הַבַּ֚יִת הַזָּקֵן֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הוֹצֵ֗א אֶת־הָאִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥א אֶל־בֵּיתְךָ֖ וְנֵדָעֶֽנּוּ: |
| so that we may be intimate with him (lit., know him). Homosexually. |
|
ונדענו.
משכב זכור:
|
| 23And the man, the master of the house, went out to them and said to them, "No, my brothers, do not do so wickedly now. Since this man has come into my house, do not commit this disgraceful deed. |
|
כגוַיֵּצֵ֣א אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם הָאִישׁ֙ בַּ֣עַל הַבַּ֔יִת וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם אַל־אַחַ֖י אַל־תָּרֵ֣עוּ נָ֑א אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֞א הָאִ֚ישׁ הַזֶּה֙ אֶל־בֵּיתִ֔י אַֽל־תַּעֲשֹ֖וּ אֶת־הַנְּבָלָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת: |
| 24Here is my virgin daughter, and his concubine, I will bring them out now and (you should) afflict them, and do with them as you please, but to this man do not do this disgraceful act." |
|
כדהִנֵּה֩ בִתִּ֨י הַבְּתוּלָ֜ה וּפִֽילַגְשֵׁ֗הוּ אוֹצִֽיאָה־נָּ֚א אוֹתָם֙ וְעַנּ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔ם וַעֲשֹ֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם הַטּ֖וֹב בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֑ם וְלָאִ֚ישׁ הַזֶּה֙ לֹ֣א תַעֲשֹ֔וּ דְּבַ֖ר הַנְּבָלָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת: |
| 25But the men did not want to listen to him, and the man grabbed his concubine, and brought her forth to them outside. And they were intimate with her, and abused her the entire night until the morning, and they sent her away when the day began to dawn. |
|
כהוְלֹֽא־אָב֚וּ הָאֲנָשִׁים֙ לִשְׁמֹ֣עַֽ ל֔וֹ וַיַּחֲזֵ֚ק הָאִישׁ֙ בְּפִ֣ילַגְשׁ֔וֹ וַיֹּצֵ֥א אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הַח֑וּץ וַיֵּדְע֣וּ א֠וֹתָהּ וַיִּֽתְעַלְּלוּ־בָ֚הּ כָּל־הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ עַד־הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֖וּהָ כַּעֲל֥וֹת (כתיב בַּעֲל֥וֹת) הַשָּֽׁחַר: |
| 26And the woman came as the morning began. And she fell down at the entrance of the man's house, where her master was, until it was light. |
|
כווַתָּבֹ֥א הָאִשָּׁ֖ה לִפְנ֣וֹת הַבֹּ֑קֶר וַתִּפֹּ֞ל פֶּ֧תַח בֵּית־הָאִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־אֲדוֹנֶ֥יהָ שָּׁ֖ם עַד־הָאֽוֹר: |
| 27And her master arose in the morning, and opened the doors of the house, and went out to go his way. And behold, the woman, his concubine, was lying after having fallen at the entrance of the house, with her hands on the threshold. |
|
כזוַיָּ֨קָם אֲדֹנֶ֜יהָ בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּפְתַּח֙ דַּלְת֣וֹת הַבַּ֔יִת וַיֵּצֵ֖א לָלֶ֣כֶת לְדַרְכּ֑וֹ וְהִנֵּ֧ה הָאִשָּׁ֣ה פִֽילַגְשׁ֗וֹ נֹפֶ֙לֶת֙ פֶּ֣תַח הַבַּ֔יִת וְיָדֶ֖יהָ עַל־הַסַּֽף: |
| 28And he said to her, "Arise, and let us go," but no one answered. And he took her upon the donkey, and the man rose up and went to his place. |
|
כחוַיֹּ֧אמֶר אֵלֶ֛יהָ ק֥וּמִי וְנֵלֵ֖כָה וְאֵ֣ין עֹנֶ֑ה וַיִּקָּחֶ֙הָ֙ עַֽל־הַחֲמ֔וֹר וַיָּ֣קָם הָאִ֔ישׁ וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ לִמְקֹמֽוֹ: |
| but no one answered. Because she was dead. |
|
ואין עונה.
כי מתה:
|
| 29And he came to his house, and took the knife, and took hold of his concubine and cut her into limbs, into twelve pieces, and he sent her throughout all the borders of Israel. |
|
כטוַיָּבֹ֣א אֶל־בֵּית֗וֹ וַיִּקַּ֚ח אֶת־הַֽמַּאֲכֶ֙לֶת֙ וַיַּחֲזֵ֣ק בְּפִֽילַגְשׁ֔וֹ וַֽיְנַתְּחֶ֙הָ֙ לַעֲצָמֶ֔יהָ לִשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָֹ֖ר נְתָחִ֑ים וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֶ֔הָ בְּכֹ֖ל גְּב֥וּל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| 30And it came to pass anyone that saw (it), would say, "There has not happened nor has there been seen (anything) like this from the day that the children of Israel came up from the land of Egypt until this day; concern yourself about it, take counsel, and speak." |
|
לוְהָיָ֣ה כָל־הָרֹאֶ֗ה וְאָמַר֙ לֹֽא־נִהְיְתָ֚ה וְלֹֽא־נִרְאֲתָה֙ כָּזֹ֔את לְמִיּ֞וֹם עֲל֚וֹת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה שִֹֽימוּ־לָכֶ֥ם עָלֶ֖יהָ עֻ֥צוּ וְדַבֵּֽרוּ: |
