| 1And the children of Israel did that which displeased the Lord, and the Lord delivered them into the hand of Midian (for) seven years. |
|
אוַיַּעֲשֹ֧וּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה וַיִּתְּנֵ֧ם יְהֹוָ֛ה בְּיַד־מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִֽים: |
| did that which displeased. Until now it was said (above 3: 12, 4:1), “and they continued to do,” because (one) sin was piled on (another) sin, but with this song (ch. 5) they were forgiven for all they had done and it was as though now they were beginning to sin. So it is explained in Aggadath Tehillim. |
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ויעשו הרע.
עד כאן נאמר 'ויוסיפו', שהיה נצבר חטא על חטא, אבל בשירה זו נמחל להם כל אשר עשו, ועכשיו מתחילין לחטוא, כך נדרש באגדת תהלים (מדרש תהלים יח ו):
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| 2And the hand of Midian prevailed against Israel. Because of Midian the children of Israel made for themselves the dens which are in the mountains and the caves, and the strongholds. |
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בוַתָּ֥עָז יַד־מִדְיָ֖ן עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִפְּנֵ֨י מִדְיָ֜ן עָשֹֽוּ לָהֶ֣ם | בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶת־הַמִּנְהָרוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים וְאֶת־הַמְּעָר֖וֹת וְאֶת־הַמְּצָדֽוֹת: |
| the dens. Hiding places (Targum Jonathan), voutes in Old French, and since a small window (מָאוֹר) is placed in an unnoticeable spot they are called מִנְהָרוֹת (as in Job 3:3 נְהָרָה, meaning “light” [Metzudas Zion]), lucerno in French. |
|
המנהרות.
(תרגום:) מטמוריתא, ובלשון לע"ז: וודו"ש, ועל שם שעושין בהם מאור קטן במקום שאין ניכר קוראן מנהרות, לויישיט"ש בלע"ז:
|
| caves. (Caves) grotte in French. |
|
מערות.
גרוטי"ה בלע"ז:
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| strongholds. is palliser in O.F. (strongholds) because (?) they are made in the forest by chopping down trees from all around. |
|
מצדות.
פליישדי"ץ בלע"ז, על שם שעושים ביערים על ידי הפלת האילנות סביב סביב:
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| 3And it was, when Israel had sown, that Midian came up, and Amalek, and those of the east; and they came up upon it. |
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גוְהָיָ֖ה אִם־זָרַ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְעָלָ֨ה מִדְיָ֧ן וַֽעֲמָלֵ֛ק וּבְנֵי־קֶ֖דֶם וְעָל֥וּ עָלָֽיו: |
| 4And they encamped against them, and they destroyed the produce of the earth, until you come to Gaza. They would leave no sustenance in Israel, neither sheep, nor ox, nor donkey. |
|
דוַיַּחֲנ֣וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשְׁחִ֙יתוּ֙ אֶת־יְב֣וּל הָאָ֔רֶץ עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ֖ עַזָּ֑ה וְלֹֽא־יַשְׁאִ֚ירוּ מִֽחְיָה֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְשֶֹ֥ה וָשׁ֖וֹר וַחֲמֽוֹר: |
| 5For they and their cattle came up, and their tents, and they came as numerous as locusts; both they and their camels without number, and they came into the land to destroy it. |
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הכִּ֡י הֵם֩ וּמִקְנֵיהֶ֨ם יַעֲל֜וּ וְאָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם וּבָ֚אוּ (כתיב יּבָ֚אוּ) כְדֵֽי־אַרְבֶּה֙ לָרֹ֔ב וְלָהֶ֥ם וְלִגְמַלֵּיהֶ֖ם אֵ֣ין מִסְפָּ֑ר וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ בָאָ֖רֶץ לְשַׁחֲתָֽהּ: |
| They and their cattle. (Came) to pasture on the grain. |
|
הם ומקניהם.
לרעות את התבואה:
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| 6And Israel was very impoverished because of Midian, and the children of Israel cried to the Lord. |
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ווַיִּדַּ֧ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מְאֹ֖ד מִפְּנֵ֣י מִדְיָ֑ן וַיִּזְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהֹוָֽה: |
| 7Now it was when the children of Israel cried to the Lord concerning Midian, |
|
זוַיְהִ֕י כִּֽי־זָעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהֹוָ֑ה עַ֖ל אֹד֥וֹת מִדְיָֽן: |
| 8that the Lord sent a prophet to the children of Israel, and he said to them, "Thus says the Lord, God of Israel; I brought you up from Egypt, and I brought you out of the house of bondage. |
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חוַיִּשְׁלַ֧ח יְהֹוָ֛ה אִ֥ישׁ נָבִ֖יא אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָהֶ֜ם כֹּה־אָמַ֥ר יְהֹוָ֣ה | אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָנֹכִ֞י הֶעֱלֵ֚יתִי אֶתְכֶם֙ מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם וָאֹצִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִבֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִֽים: |
| a prophet. This prophet was Phinehas [Seder Olam 20]. |
|
איש נביא.
זה הנביא הוא פנחס, ב"סדר עולם" (פרק ב):
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| 9And I saved you from the hand of Egypt, and from the hand of all your oppressors; and I drove them out from before you, and I have given you their land. |
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טוָאַצִּ֚ל אֶתְכֶם֙ מִיַּ֣ד מִצְרַ֔יִם וּמִיַּ֖ד כָּל־לֹחֲצֵיכֶ֑ם וַאֲגָרֵ֚שׁ אוֹתָם֙ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם וָאֶתְּנָ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם אֶת־אַרְצָֽם: |
| 10And I said to you, 'I am the Lord your God, you shall not fear the gods of the Amorites in whose land you dwell.' But you have not obeyed me." |
|
יוָאֹמְרָ֣ה לָכֶ֗ם אֲנִי֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם לֹ֚א תִֽירְאוּ֙ אֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֖ם יוֹשְׁבִ֣ים בְּאַרְצָ֑ם וְלֹ֥א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם בְּקוֹלִֽי: |
| 11And the angel of the Lord came, and sat under the oak which was in Ophra, that belonged to Joash the Abiezrite; and his son Gideon was beating out wheat in the winepress, to be enabled to flee from Midian. |
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יאוַיָּבֹ֞א מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהֹוָ֗ה וַיֵּ֙שֵׁב֙ תַּ֚חַת הָֽאֵלָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּעָפְרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְיוֹאָ֖שׁ אֲבִ֣י הָֽעֶזְרִ֑י וְגִדְע֣וֹן בְּנ֗וֹ חֹבֵ֚ט חִטִּים֙ בַּגַּ֔ת לְהָנִ֖יס מִפְּנֵ֥י מִדְיָֽן: |
| the Abiezrite. From the family of Abiezer, of the family of Gilead, of the family of Menasseh. |
|
אבי העזרי.
מבני אביעזר בן גלעד בן מנשה:
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| and his son Gideon. His father was beating them out (i.e., the wheat), and he was sifting them. He then said, “Father, you are old, and if the heathens come, you will not be able to flee. Therefore you go and I will beat them out.” |
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וגדעון בנו.
אביו היה חובטן והוא כוברן, אמר לו: אבא, זקן אתה ואם יבאו המדינים לא תוכל לנוס, לך אתה ואני אחבט:
|
| in the winepress. (he beat the wheat) with the beams of an olivepress (בֵּית הַבַּד). |
|
בגת.
בקורות בית הבד:
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| 12And the angel of the Lord appeared and said to him, "The Lord is with you, mighty man of valor." |
|
יבוַיֵּרָ֥א אֵלָ֖יו מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהֹוָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו יְהֹוָ֥ה עִמְּךָ֖ גִּבּ֥וֹר הֶחָֽיִל: |
| The Lord is with you, mighty man of valor. Since he has granted you such strength. |
|
ה' עמך גבור החיל.
שנתן לך כח כזה:
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| 13And Gideon said to him, "Please my lord, if the Lord be with us, why then has all this befallen us? And where are all His wonders which our forefathers told us, saying, 'Did not the Lord bring us up from Egypt?' But now the Lord has forsaken us, and He has delivered us into the hand of Midian." |
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יגוַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֚יו גִּדְעוֹן֙ בִּ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י וְיֵ֚שׁ יְהֹוָה֙ עִמָּ֔נוּ וְלָ֥מָּה מְצָאַ֖תְנוּ כָּל־זֹ֑את וְאַיֵּ֣ה כָֽל־נִפְלְאֹתָ֡יו אֲשֶׁר֩ סִפְּרוּ־לָ֨נוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֜ינוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הֲלֹ֚א מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ הֶעֱלָ֣נוּ יְהֹוָ֔ה וְעַתָּה֙ נְטָשָׁ֣נוּ יְהֹוָ֔ה וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖נוּ בְּכַף־מִדְיָֽן: |
| if the Lord be with us. (… וְיֵשׁ is to be interpreted as) If God is with us, why has… befallen us? |
|
ויש ה' עמנו.
ואם יש ה' עמנו, למה מצאתנו וגו':
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| which our forefathers told us. It was Passover so he said, “Last night my father recited the Hallel and I heard him say, ‘When Israel departed from Egypt, etc.,’ (thus recounting the miracles God performed on behalf of Israel,) but now He has forsaken us. If our forefathers were righteous, let Him perform (wonders) for us in their merit, and if they were wicked, then just as He did for them undeserving wonders, so should He do for us. Where then are all His wonders?” |
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אשר ספרו לנו אבותינו.
פסח היה, אמר לו: אמש הקרני אבא את ההלל, ושמעתיו שהיה אומר (תהלים קיד א): בצאת ישראל ממצרים, 'ועתה נטשנו', אם צדיקים היו אבותינו, יעשה לנו בזכותם, ואם רשעים היו, כשם שעשה להם נפלאותיו חנם כן יעשה לנו, ואיה כל נפלאותיו:
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| 14And the Lord turned toward him and said, "Go, with this your strength, and save Israel from the hand of Midian. Have I not sent you?" |
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ידוַיִּ֚פֶן אֵלָיו֙ יְהֹוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לֵ֚ךְ בְּכֹחֲךָ֣ זֶ֔ה וְהוֹשַׁעְתָּ֥ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִכַּ֣ף מִדְיָ֑ן הֲלֹ֖א שְׁלַחְתִּֽיךָ: |
| And the Lord turned toward him. (Not the angel, but) the Holy One, Blessed be He, Himself. |
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ויפן אליו.
הקדוש ברוך הוא בעצמו:
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| with this your strength. With the strength of this merit that you advocated defense for my children. So did Rabbi Tanchuma (Shoftim) explain (this passage). |
|
בכחך זה.
בכח הזכות הזה שלמדת סניגוריא על בני, כך דרש רבי תנחומא (מדרש תנחומא שופטים ד):
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| 15And he said to Him, "Please O Lord, with what shall I save Israel? Behold, my thousand is the poorest in Menasseh, and I am the youngest in my father's household." |
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טווַיֹּ֚אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ בִּ֣י אֲדֹנָ֔י בַּמָּ֥ה אוֹשִׁ֖יעַ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הִנֵּ֚ה אַלְפִּי֙ הַדַּ֣ל בִּמְנַשֶּׁ֔ה וְאָנֹכִ֥י הַצָּעִ֖יר בְּבֵ֥ית אָבִֽי: |
| Behold, my thousand. Heb. אַלְפִּי. The thousand (אֶלֶף) among whom I am counted to be under a head of a thousand is the lowliest (thousand) among all the thousands of Menasseh. |
|
הנה אלפי.
האלף שאני נמנה בו להיות תחת שר האלף, הוא האלף הדל בכל אלפי מנשה:
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| 16And the Lord said to him, "Because I shall be with you, and you shall strike Midian as one man." |
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טזוַיֹּ֚אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ יְהֹוָ֔ה כִּ֥י אֶהְיֶ֖ה עִמָּ֑ךְ וְהִכִּיתָ֥ אֶת־מִדְיָ֖ן כְּאִ֥ישׁ אֶחָֽד: |
| 17And he said to Him, "If I have now found favor in your eyes, then show me a sign that it is You that speaks with me. |
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יזוַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו אִם־נָ֛א מָצָ֥אתִי חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ וְעָשִֹ֚יתָ לִּי֙ א֔וֹת שָׁאַתָּ֖ה מְדַבֵּ֥ר עִמִּֽי: |
| שָאַתָּה. Interpreted as if vocalized שֶׁאַתָּה, with a “segol” (“eh” sound). |
|
שאתה.
כמו שאתה:
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| 18Do not move from here now until I come to you, and I shall bring out my offering, and lay it before you." And he said, "I shall tarry until you return." |
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יחאַל־נָ֨א תָמֻ֚שׁ מִזֶּה֙ עַד־בֹּאִ֣י אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְהֹֽצֵאתִי֙ אֶת־מִנְחָתִ֔י וְהִנַּחְתִּ֖י לְפָנֶ֑יךָ וַיֹּאמַ֕ר אָנֹכִ֥י אֵשֵׁ֖ב עַ֥ד שׁוּבֶֽךָ: |
| 19And Gideon came and prepared a young goat, and unleavened cakes of an ephah of meal; the meat he put in the basket, and the broth he put in the pot. And he brought it out to him under the oak and presented it. |
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יטוְגִדְע֣וֹן בָּ֗א וַיַּ֚עַשׂ גְּדִֽי־עִזִּים֙ וְאֵיפַת־קֶ֣מַח מַצּ֔וֹת הַבָּשָׂר֙ שָֹ֣ם בַּסַּ֔ל וְהַמָּרַ֖ק שָֹ֣ם בַּפָּר֑וּר וַיּוֹצֵ֥א אֵלָ֛יו אֶל־תַּ֥חַת הָאֵלָ֖ה וַיַּגַּֽשׁ: |
| unleavened cakes of an ephah of meal. We see that it was Passover, the day of the waving of the Omer, therefore it was said, (below 7: 13) “And behold, a roasted cake of barley bread tumbled, etc.” וְהַמָּרָק. The broth. |
|
קמח מצות.
למדנו שפסח היה, יום תנופת העומר, לכך נאמר (לקמן ז יג) והנה צליל לחם שעורים מתהפך וגו':
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| and the broth. The broth. |
|
והמרק.
והרוטב:
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| 20And the Angel of God said to him, "Take the meat and unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and the broth pour out." And he did so. |
|
כוַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו מַלְאַ֣ךְ הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים קַ֣ח אֶת־הַבָּשָֹ֚ר וְאֶת־הַמַּצּוֹת֙ וְהַנַּח֙ אֶל־הַסֶּ֣לַע הַלָּ֔ז וְאֶת־הַמָּרַ֖ק שְׁפ֑וֹךְ וַיַּ֖עַשׂ כֵּֽן: |
| 21And the angel of the Lord put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and he touched the meat and the unleavened cakes. And the fire went up out of the rock, and consumed the meat and the unleavened cakes, and the angel of the Lord departed from before his eyes. |
|
כאוַיִּשְׁלַ֞ח מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־קְצֵ֚ה הַמִּשְׁעֶ֙נֶת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָד֔וֹ וַיִּגַּ֥ע בַּבָּשָֹ֖ר וּבַמַּצּ֑וֹת וַתַּ֨עַל הָאֵ֜שׁ מִן־הַצּ֗וּר וַתֹּ֚אכַל אֶת־הַבָּשָׂר֙ וְאֶת־הַמַּצּ֔וֹת וּמַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהֹוָ֔ה הָלַ֖ךְ מֵעֵינָֽיו: |
| 22Now Gideon saw that he was an angel of the Lord, and Gideon said, "Alas, O Lord God! Because I have seen the angel of the Lord face to face." |
|
כבוַיַּ֣רְא גִּדְע֔וֹן כִּֽי־מַלְאַ֥ךְ יְהֹוָ֖ה ה֑וּא ס וַיֹּ֣אמֶר גִּדְע֗וֹן אֲהָהּ֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יֱהֹוִ֔ה כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֚ן רָאִ֙יתִי֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהֹוָ֔ה פָּנִ֖ים אֶל־פָּנִֽים: |
| Alas. אֲהָהּ is an expression of “worry” meaning, “What will become (תְּהֵא) of me.” |
|
אהה.
לשון דאגה, כלומר מה תהא עלי:
|
| Because I have seen. (עַל כֵּן is interpreted as עַל אֲשֶׁר) Because I have seen an angel of the Lord, therefore I worry and cry “Alas.” |
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כי על כן ראיתי.
כי על אשר ראיתי מלאך ה', לכך אני דואג וצועק 'אהה':
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| 23And the Lord said to him, "Peace be to you, fear not, you shall not die." |
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כגוַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֧וֹ יְהֹוָ֛ה שָׁל֥וֹם לְךָ֖ אַל־תִּירָ֑א לֹ֖א תָּמֽוּת: |
| 24And Gideon built an altar to the Lord there, and he called it, "Lord (who bestows upon us) peace." Until this day, it is still in Ophrah of the Abiezrites. |
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כדוַיִּבֶן֩ שָׁ֨ם גִּדְע֚וֹן מִזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה וַיִּקְרָא־ל֥וֹ יְהֹוָ֖ה שָׁל֑וֹם עַ֚ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה עוֹדֶ֕נּוּ בְּעָפְרַ֖ת אֲבִ֥י הָעֶזְרִֽי: |
| and he called it. I.e., Gideon called the altar. |
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ויקרא לו.
גדעון למזבח:
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| the Lord is peace. The Lord is He Who bestows upon us peace. |
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ה' שלום.
ה' הוא שלומנו:
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| 25Now it was on that night, that the Lord said to him, "Take the bullock that your father has, and the second bullock, seven years. And you shall destroy the altar of the Baal which belongs to your father, and the Asherah which is next to it shall you cut down. |
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כהוַיְהִי֘ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַהוּא֒ וַיֹּ֧אמֶר ל֣וֹ יְהֹוָ֗ה קַ֚ח אֶת־פַּר־הַשּׁוֹר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֔יךָ וּפַ֥ר הַשֵּׁנִ֖י שֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֑ים וְהָרַסְתָּ֗ אֶת־מִזְבַּ֚ח הַבַּ֙עַל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֔יךָ וְאֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרָ֥ה אֲשֶׁר־עָלָ֖יו תִּכְרֹֽת: |
| the bullock. A young bull (פַּר), because a one day old ox (שוֹר) is (also) called an ox. |
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פר השור.
פר הבחור, שהשור בן יומו קרוי שור:
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| And the second bullock. |
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ופר השני.
(תרגום:) ותורא תנינא:
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| seven years. That was fattened seven years for the idols. Eight transgressions were permitted that night. Gideon offered that which was set aside to be sacrificed for idolatry, he used idolatrous utensils, the offering was at night, it was on a private altar and not in the Sanctuary, he was not a priest, sacred vessels were not used, wood from an Asherah was employed, and an animal that was worshipped was used, as is stated in Temurah 28b. |
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שבע שנים.
(תרגום:) דאיתפטם שבע שנין לעבודה זרה. שמונה דברים הותרו אותו הלילה: מוקצה, אשרה, ולילה, ובמה וכו', כדאיתא בתמורה (כח ב):
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| 26And you shall build an altar to the Lord your God upon the top of this rock, in the proper place. And you shall take the second bullock, and offer a burnt-offering with the wood of the Asherah which you shall cut down." |
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כווּבָנִ֨יתָ מִזְבֵּ֜חַ לַיהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ עַ֣ל רֹ֧אשׁ הַמָּע֛וֹז הַזֶּ֖ה בַּמַּֽעֲרָכָ֑ה וְלָֽקַחְתָּ֙ אֶת־הַפָּ֣ר הַשֵּׁנִ֔י וְהַעֲלִ֣יתָ עוֹלָ֔ה בַּעֲצֵ֥י הָאֲשֵׁרָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּכְרֹֽת: |
| רֹאשׁ הַמָּעוֹז. On top of the rock. |
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ראש המעוז.
ראש הסלע:
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| 27And Gideon took ten men of his servants, and did as the Lord had spoken to him. Now it was, because he feared his father's household and the men of the city, to do it by day, that he did it at night. |
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כזוַיִּקַּ֨ח גִּדְע֗וֹן עֲשָׂרָ֚ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ מֵֽעֲבָדָ֔יו וַיַּ֕עַשׂ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר אֵלָ֖יו יְהֹוָ֑ה וַיְהִ֡י כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יָרֵא֩ אֶת־בֵּ֨ית אָבִ֜יו וְאֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֥י הָעִ֛יר מֵעֲשֹ֥וֹת יוֹמָ֖ם וַיַּ֥עַשׂ לָֽיְלָה: |
| 28And the men of the city arose early in the morning, and behold, the altar of Baal was broken down, and the Asherah that was next to it, was cut down. And the second bullock was offered upon the altar that was built. |
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כחוַיַּשְׁכִּ֜ימוּ אַנְשֵׁ֚י הָעִיר֙ בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וְהִנֵּ֚ה נֻתַּץ֙ מִזְבַּ֣ח הַבַּ֔עַל וְהָאֲשֵׁרָ֥ה אֲשֶׁר־עָלָ֖יו כֹּרָ֑תָה וְאֵת֙ הַפָּ֣ר הַשֵּׁנִ֔י הֹֽעֲלָ֔ה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ הַבָּנֽוּי: |
| 29And they said one to another, "Who has done this thing?" And they inquired and sought, and they said, "Gideon the son of Joash has done this thing." |
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כטוַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֔הוּ מִ֥י עָשָֹ֖ה הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וַֽיִּדְרְשׁוּ֙ וַיְבַקְשׁ֔וּ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ גִּדְעוֹן֙ בֶּן־יוֹאָ֔שׁ עָשָֹ֖ה הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה: |
| 30And the men of the city said to Joash, "Bring out your son that he may die, because he has broken the altar of the Baal, and because he has cut down the Asherah that was next to it." |
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לוַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אַנְשֵׁ֚י הָעִיר֙ אֶל־יוֹאָ֔שׁ הוֹצֵ֥א אֶת־בִּנְךָ֖ וְיָמֹ֑ת כִּ֚י נָתַץ֙ אֶת־מִזְבַּ֣ח הַבַּ֔עַל וְכִ֥י כָרַ֖ת הָאֲשֵׁרָ֥ה אֲשֶׁר־עָלָֽיו: |
| 31And Joash said to all that stood by him, "Will you contend for the Baal? Will you avenge him? He that will contend for him, shall be put to death; (tarry) until morning. If he be a god, let him contend for himself, because he has broken his altar." |
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לאוַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֡שׁ לְכֹל֩ אֲשֶׁר־עָמְד֨וּ עָלָ֜יו הַאַתֶּ֣ם | תְּרִיב֣וּן לַבַּ֗עַל אִם־אַתֶּם֙ תּוֹשִׁיע֣וּן אוֹת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֥יב ל֛וֹ יוּמַ֖ת עַד־הַבֹּ֑קֶר אִם־אֱלֹהִ֥ים הוּא֙ יָ֣רֶב ל֔וֹ כִּ֥י נָתַ֖ץ אֶֽת־מִזְבְּחֽוֹ: |
| Will you contend. לַבַּעַל ? [The prefix “lamed” does not mean “to” but] for the Baal. |
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האתם תריבון לבעל.
בשביל הבעל:
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| avenge him. Will you avenge him? Similarly, (I Sam. 25:33) “And from avenging (וְהשׁעַ) myself with my own hand,” which David said concerning Nabal. |
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תושיעון אותו.
תנקמו נקמתו, וכן (שמואל א כה לב): והושיעה ידי לי, דדוד בנבל:
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| He that will contend. לוֹ For him. |
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אשר יריב לו.
בשבילו:
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| until morning. Tarry until morning. |
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עד הבקר.
עד הבקר המתינו:
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| if he be a god. Let him contend and avenge himself: He said this in order to delay them until Gideon escaped. |
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אם אלהים הוא.
יריב הוא לעצמו ריבו ונקמתו, וכדי לדחותם עד שיברח גדעון היה אומר כן:
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| 32And he called him on that day "Jerubbaal," saying, "Let Baal contend with him, because he has broken down his altar." |
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לבוַיִּקְרָא־ל֥וֹ בַיּוֹם־הַה֖וּא יְרֻבַּ֣עַל לֵאמֹ֑ר יָ֚רֶב בּוֹ֙ הַבַּ֔עַל כִּ֥י נָתַ֖ץ אֶֽת־מִזְבְּחֽוֹ: |
| contend with him. i.e., with Gideon. Near (the word) רִיב, the word עִם or אֶת or בּוֹ is used as in, (Gen. 31:36) “And he quarreled with Laban”, but לוֹ cannot be used with this expression. Hence, every לוֹ written here means “for (him)”. |
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ירב בו.
בגדעון אצל ריב נופל עם, או את, או בו, כמו (בראשית לא לו): וירב בלבן, אבל 'לו' אינו נופל על הלשון, וכל 'לו' הכתובים כאן 'בשביל' הם:
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| 33And all the Midianites and the Amalekites and those of the east assembled together. And they crossed and encamped in the valley of Jezreel. |
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לגוְכָל־מִדְיָ֧ן וַעֲמָלֵ֛ק וּבְנֵי־קֶ֖דֶם נֶאֶסְפ֣וּ יַחְדָּ֑ו וַיַּעַבְר֥וּ וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק יִזְרְעֶֽאל: |
| 34And a spirit of the Lord clothed Gideon, and he blew the trumpet, and Abiezer gathered following him. |
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לדוְר֣וּחַ יְהֹוָ֔ה לָבְשָׁ֖ה אֶת־גִּדְע֑וֹן וַיִּתְקַע֙ בַּשּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַיִּזָּעֵ֥ק אֲבִיעֶ֖זֶר אַחֲרָֽיו: |
| And a spirit of the Lord. A spirit of might. |
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רוח ה'.
רוח גבורה:
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| and Abiezer gathered. I.e., the entire family. |
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ויזעק אביעזר.
כל המשפחה:
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| 35And he sent messengers throughout all Menasseh, and they too gathered after him, and he sent messengers to Asher, and to Zebulun, and to Naphtali, and they came up towards them. |
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להוּמַלְאָכִים֙ שָׁלַ֣ח בְּכָל־מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה וַיִּזָּעֵ֥ק גַּם־ה֖וּא אַחֲרָ֑יו וּמַלְאָכִ֣ים שָׁלַ֗ח בְּאָשֵׁ֚ר וּבִזְבֻלוּן֙ וּבְנַפְתָּלִ֔י וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ לִקְרָאתָֽם: |
| 36And Gideon said to God, "If You will save Israel by my hand, as You have spoken, |
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לווַיֹּ֥אמֶר גִּדְע֖וֹן אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים אִם־יֶשְׁךָ֞ מוֹשִׁ֧יעַ בְּיָדִ֛י אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּֽרְתָּ: |
| 37behold, I shall put a fleece of wool on the threshing floor. If there be dew only on the fleece, and upon all the ground it be dry, then I shall know that You will save Israel by my hand, as You have spoken." |
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לזהִנֵּ֣ה אָנֹכִ֗י מַצִּ֛יג אֶת־גִּזַּ֥ת הַצֶּ֖מֶר בַּגֹּ֑רֶן אִ֡ם טַל֩ יִהְיֶ֨ה עַֽל־הַגִּזָּ֜ה לְבַדָּ֗הּ וְעַל־כָּל־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ חֹ֔רֶב וְיָדַעְתִּ֗י כִּֽי־תוֹשִׁ֧יעַ בְּיָדִ֛י אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּֽרְתָּ: |
| 38And it was so, (for) he rose up early on the morrow and pressed the fleece together, and he wrung dew out of the fleece; a bowl full of water. |
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לחוַיְהִי־כֵ֕ן וַיַּשְׁכֵּם֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּ֖זַר אֶת־הַגִּזָּ֑ה וַיִּ֚מֶץ טַל֙ מִן־הַגִּזָּ֔ה מְל֥וֹא הַסֵּ֖פֶל מָֽיִם: |
| And it was so. There was only dew on the fleece, more so than on other places, as it says, “A bowl full of water.” However, “Upon all the ground it be dry” was not fulfilled because a covenant was made with the dew that it should not cease. |
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ויהי כן.
שהיה טל על הגזה לבדה יותר מבשאר מקומות, כמו שהוא אומר (פסוק לז): מלא הספל מים, אבל 'על כל הארץ חורב' לא נתקיים, שהברית כרותה לטל שאינו נעצר (תענית ג א):
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| and pressed. An expression of “pressed,” and similarly, (Isa. 1:6) “They were neither pressed (זוֹרוּ) nor bandaged,” i.e., they were not pressed to extract the pus. |
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ויזר.
לשון מכבש, וכן (ישעיהו א ו): לא זורו ולא חובשו, לא נחבשו להוציא הלחה:
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| 39And Gideon said to God, "Let not Your anger be kindled against me, and I will speak but this once. Let me now experiment but this once with the fleece; let it now be dry only upon the fleece, and on all the ground let there be dew." |
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לטוַיֹּ֚אמֶר גִּדְעוֹן֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים אַל־יִ֚חַר אַפְּךָ֙ בִּ֔י וַאֲדַבְּרָ֖ה אַ֣ךְ הַפָּ֑עַם אֲנַסֶּ֚ה נָּא־רַק־הַפַּ֙עַם֙ בַּגִּזָּ֔ה יְהִי־נָ֨א חֹ֚רֶב אֶל־הַגִּזָּה֙ לְבַדָּ֔הּ וְעַל־כָּל־הָאָ֖רֶץ יִֽהְיֶה־טָּֽל: |
| 40And God did so on that night. And it was dry only upon the fleece, and upon all the ground there was dew. |
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מוַיַּ֧עַשׂ אֱלֹהִ֛ים כֵּ֖ן בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַה֑וּא וַיְהִי־חֹ֚רֶב אֶל־הַגִּזָּה֙ לְבַדָּ֔הּ וְעַל־כָּל־הָאָ֖רֶץ הָ֥יָה טָֽל: |
